chapter 1

Question 1

Describe the branching of the airway

Answer 1

CONDUCTING AIRWAYS: (16 divisions)
trachea - bronchi - lobar - segmental - terminal

RESPIRATORY ZONE: (7 divisions)
respiratory bronchioles - alveolar ducts

Portion of lung distal to terminal bronchiole is called the acinus

Question 2

How many generations of airways are there?
What is conducting zone?
What is transitional and respiratory zones?

Answer 2

23 generations of airways

conducting: 1-16
respiratory zones: 17-23

Question 3

What is the volume of the anatomic dead space in adults?

Answer 3

150 ml

Question 4

what is the volume of the alveolar region?

Answer 4

about 2.5-3 litres

Question 5

How is gas moved in the airways?

Answer 5

convective flow in conducting airways, then diffusion in respiratory zone

Question 6

Describe the cross sectional area of the airways

Answer 6

increases down the airway generations (extremely rapid increase in the respiratory zone)

Question 7

What is the thickness of the blood-gas interface?
What is the surface area of the lung?
What is the diameter of a capillary?

Answer 7

0.2-0.3 um over much of the area
surface area is 50-100 m2
7-10 um

Question 8

Where do inhaled articles settle out? how are they removed?

Answer 8

Settle out in the conducting airways and removed by mucociliary elevator.
Alveoli have no cilia - particles are cleared by macrophages.

mucus secreted by mucous glands and goblet cells

Question 9

how do the vessels branch in the lung?

Answer 9

Venous: initially runs with arteries and bronch. Toward periphery of lung, move away to pass between the lobules.

Arterial: pulm arteries and bronchi travel together

Question 10

What does the bronchial circulation supply?

Answer 10

Supplies conducting airways down to the terminal bronchioles