Coastal management

Question 1

The dynamic zone

Answer 1

low lying land vulnerable to inundation (flooding).

Question 2

True or false. Beaches are dynamic so can protect land better than seawalls

Answer 2

true. Lack of intervention better.

Question 3

Coastal erosion

Answer 3

long term retreat of envelope of change (as erosion rapid and recovery is slow)

Question 4

Prograding coast

Answer 4

shoreline advancing seawards

Question 5

Dynamic envelope

Answer 5

envelope of change (area within which the beach works) shows where the beach ‘wants’ to be naturally

Question 6

Coastal development requires

Answer 6

buffer (setback of properties from dynamic zone)

Question 7

Sediment budget is determined by

Answer 7

gains (prograding shoreline) and losses (erosion) of sediment and impacts long term trend of coastline

Question 8

Sea levels rise by ____ by 2100 (IPCC). Due __% to thermal expansion and __% from melting glaciers.

Answer 8

26-82cm; 30-55%; 15-35%

Question 9

Rising sea levels will

Answer 9

increase flooding and erosion (requiring buffer)

Question 10

what removes sediment?

Answer 10

Sea walls (energy reflection and not dispersed along beach)

Question 11

5 steps to manage hazards

Answer 11

1. do nothing and sacrifice hinterland (only possible on undeveloped coastlines)
2. avoid (prevent dynamic zone development)
3. accomodate
4. retreat
5. protect (fore-dunes (requires positive sand budget), seawalls)

Question 12

The best option is always

Answer 12

Prevention