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Psych - Life Span Dev > Chap 8 - Intelligence > Flashcards

Chap 8 - Intelligence Flashcards

0
Q

Intelligence quotient (IQ)

A

A score that takes into account a student’s mental & chronological age

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1
Q

Intelligence

A

The capacity to understand the world, think with rationality, & use resources effectively when faced with challenges

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2
Q

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, Fifth Edition (SB5)

A

A test that consists of a series of items that vary according to the age of the person being tested

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3
Q

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV (WISC-IV)

A

A test for children that provides separate measures of verbal & performance (nonverbal) skills, as well as a total score

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4
Q

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV)

A

A test for adults that provides separate measures of verbal & performance (nonverbal) skills, as well as a total score

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5
Q

Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (KABC-II)

A

A children’s intelligence test permitting unusual flexibility in its administration

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6
Q

Reliability

A

A quality of tests that measure consistently what they are trying to measure

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7
Q

Validity

A

A quality of tests that actually measure what they are supposed to measure

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8
Q

Learning disabilities

A

Difficulties in the acquisition & use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities

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9
Q

Fluid intelligence

A

intelligence that reflects info processing capabilities, reasoning, & memory

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10
Q

Crystallized intelligence

A

The store of info, skills, & strategies that people have acquired thru education & prior experiences & thru their previous use of fluid intelligence

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11
Q

Sternberg’s Triarchic theory of intelligence

A

The belief that intelligence consists of three aspects of info processing: the componential element, the experiential element, & the contextual element

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12
Q

Practical intelligence

A

According to Sternberg, intelligence that is learned primarily by observing others & modeling their behavior

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13
Q

Emotional intelligence

A

The set of skills that underlies the accurate assessment, evaluation, expression, & regulation of emotions

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14
Q

Developmental quotient

A

An overall developmental score that relates to performance in four domains: motor skills, language use, adaptive behavior (such as alertness & exploration), & personal & social skills; designed for infants age 2 to 30 months; Gesell

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15
Q

Bayley Scales of Infant Development

A

A measure that evaluates an infant’s development from 2 to 42 months; concentrates on mental & motor abilities

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16
Q

Cross-modal transference

A

The ability to identify, using another sense, a stimulus that has previously been experienced only thru one sense

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17
Q

Achievement test

A

A test designed to determine a person’s level of knowledge in a given subject area

18
Q

Aptitude test

A

A test designed to predict a person’s ability in a particular area or line of work

19
Q

Least restrictive environment

A

The setting most similar to that of children without special needs

20
Q

Mainstreaming

A

An educational approach in which exceptional children are integrated as much as possible into the traditional educational system & are provided with a broad range of educational alternatives

21
Q

Full inclusion

A

The integration of all students, even those with the most severe disabilities, into regular classes & all other aspects of school & community life

22
Q

Intellectual disability (mental retardation)

A

A disability characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning & in adaptive behavior,which covers many everyday social & practical skills

23
Q

Mild intellectual disability (mild retardation)

A

Intellectual disability in which IQ scores fall in the range of 50 or 55 to 70

24
Q

Moderate intellectual disability (moderate retardation)

A

Intellectual disability in which IQ scores range from around 35 or 40 to 50 or 55

25
Q

Severe intellectual disability (severe retardation)

A

Intellectual disability in which IQ scores range from around 20 or 25 to 35 or 40

26
Q

Profound intellectual disability (profound retardation)

A

Intellectual disability in which IQ scores fall below 20 or 25

27
Q

Acceleration

A

The provision of special programs that allow gifted students to move ahead at their own pace, even if this means skipping to higher grade levels

28
Q

Enrichment

A

An approach whereby gifted students are kept at grade level but are enrolled in special programs & given individual activities to allow greater depth of study

29
Q

Culture-fair IQ tests

A

Designed to be independent of the cultural background of test-takers; I.e. Raven Progressive Matrices Test

30
Q

Componential aspect (Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence)

A

Involves the mental components used to solve problems

31
Q

Experiential component (Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence)

A

Refers to the relationship between intelligence, prior experience, & the ability to cope with new situations

32
Q

Contextual component of intelligence (Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence)

A

Takes account of the demands of everyday, real-world environments

33
Q

Visual-recognition memory

A

The memory of & recognition of a stimulus that has been previously seen

34
Q

Selective optimization

A

Process people use in concentrating on particular skill areas to compensate for losses in other areas; Paul Baltes & Margaret Baltes

35
Q

Familial intellectual disability (familial retardation)

A

No cause is apparent, but there is a history of intellectual disability in the family

36
Q

2 approaches to teaching the gifted & talented

A
  1. Acceleration

2. Enrichment

37
Q

Gifted

A

“Children who give evidence of high performance capability in areas such as intellectual, creative, artistic, leadership capacity, or specific academic fields, & who require services or activities not ordinarily provided by the school in order to fully develop such capabilities” (according to the fed govt)

38
Q

Dynamic assessment

A

Assessment tasks should involve cooperative interaction between the assessed individual & the assessor; intelligence is reflected both in how children perform on their own & how they perform when helped by adults; Vygotsky

39
Q

Gardner’s 8 distinct intelligences

A
  1. Musical intelligence
  2. Bodily kinesthetic intelligence
  3. Logical mathematical intelligence
  4. Linguistic intelligence
  5. Spatial intelligence
  6. Interpersonal intelligence
  7. Intrapersonal intelligence
  8. Naturalist intelligence
40
Q

Amusia

A

Tone deafness

41
Q

Sternberg’s approach to intelligence

A

Intelligence is best viewed as info processing; how people store material in memory & later use it to solve intellectual tasks provides the most precise concept of intelligence

42
Q

Binet’s 3 legacies

A
  1. His pragmatic, nontheoretical approach to intelligence testing
  2. His linkage of intelligence to school success
  3. His derivation of a mathematical means of classifying children as more or less intelligent according to IQ scores

Psych - Life Span Dev (13 decks)

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