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GI > Ulcerative Colitis > Flashcards

Ulcerative Colitis Flashcards

1
Q

from where to where does inflammation occur?

A

rectum to colon

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2
Q

which gene is implicated?

A

HLA-B27

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3
Q

what age group are risk factors for UC?

when two age groups are effected like this what is it called?

A

15-25, then 55-65

Bimodal distribution

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4
Q

which ethnicity is a risk factor?

A

Caucasian

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5
Q

what is seen on histology?

-4

A

ulceration
crypt abscesses
neutrophil infiltration.
Goblet cell depletion.

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6
Q

anus involved in UC.

true or false

A

false

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7
Q

UC is a relapsing remitting disease.

true or false

A

true

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8
Q

why is there LLQ abdo pain?

A

Rectal sigmoid inflammation

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9
Q

hallmark symptoms of UC

A

urgent bloody diarrhoea

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10
Q

define tenesmus?

A

sensation you need to empty your bowel, even if bowel has already been evacuated.

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11
Q

types of colitis?

- 4

A

UC
Diverticulitis
Pseudomembranous Colitis
Ischaemic Colitis

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12
Q

which WBC is responsible for crypt abscesses?

A

neutrophils

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13
Q

what is low albumin a sign of in UC?

A

malnutrition

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14
Q

what blood test can easily be used to rule out IBS and rule in IBD?

A

FCP

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15
Q

pt with UC history,

but you do stool culture to rule out gastro infection.

what two main infections are you trying to rule out?

A

gastroenteritis

pseudomembranous colitis

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16
Q

an abrupt very severe flare up with colon dilation and abdo distention is called what?

A

fulminant disease

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17
Q

How many bowel movements constitutes a severe flare up?

what do you need to give quickly when they come hospital?

A

> 6 bowel movements

IV steroids

18
Q

symptoms of UC?

-5

A 
Urgent bloody diarrhoea.
Tenesmus.
Mucus in stool. 
Crampy abdo pain (LLQ)
Weight loss
19
Q

most common extra-intestinal manifestation?

A

arthritis

20
Q

gold.S Ix?

positive result for UC with this Ix?
-2

A

Colonoscopy

Ulcers.
Pseudopolyps.

21
Q

will WBC increase with flare ups?

A

yes

22
Q

a Colonoscope might not be used in acute flare up.

why?

what is the equivalent you use instead?

A

perforate bowel risk

Sigmoidoscopy

23
Q

on barium enema what normal feature is lost?

A

haustrations

24
Q

antibody marker for UC?

A

pANCA

25
Q

1st line to induce remission?

-give route

A

Topical Mesalazine

26
Q

2nd line drug to induce remission?

  • 2 drugs
  • one is a drug name and route
  • other is just drug class
A

Oral mesalazine or

corticosteroid

27
Q

1st line to maintain remission?

  • give route
  • give drug class

give examples of this drug class?
-2

A

Topical aminosalicylate

e.g. Sulfasalazine, mesalazine

28
Q

1st line drug given orally after severe relapse?

  • name two drugs
  • give route

what else is given IV with a severe flare up?

A

Oral azathioprine or mercaptopurine

IV steroids

29
Q

what class is mesalazine?

A

aminosalicylate

30
Q

what group of drugs does mesalazine belong to?

A

anti-inflammatory group

31
Q

Azathioprine class?

A

Purine synthesis inhibitor

32
Q

extra-intestinal manifestations seen at the fingers?

A

clubbing

33
Q

extra-intestinal manifestations of the skin?

-2

A

Erythema nodosum

Pyoderma gangrenosum

34
Q

extra-intestinal manifestations of the eyes which is especially more common in UC than crohn’s?

A

uveitis

35
Q

symptoms of UC?

-5

A

Urgent bloody diarrhoea.

Tenesmus.

Mucus in stool.

Crampy abdo pain
(LLQ pain especially)

Weight loss

36
Q

malnutrition occurs in UC.

true or false.

A

true

37
Q

Which leukocyte is mainly implicated in:

1) UC
2) coeliac disease

A

1) neutrophil

2) lymphocytes

38
Q

Character of the abdo pain in UC?

A

crampy

39
Q

what are crypt abscesses?

A

when crypt of Lieberkühn fills with neutrophils

40
Q

In normal physiology the crypt of Lieberkün has what cells?

  • 2 main ones

function of these cells?

A

enterocytes - make enzymes

goblet cells - make mucus

GI (25 decks)

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