101CC General Safety Flashcards
Define Risk
Expression of possible loss, adverse outcome or negative consequences such as injury, illness in terms of probability and severity.
Define Hazard
Any real condition that can cause injury, illness or death to personnel, damage to or loss of equipment or property, degradation of mission capability or impact to mission accomplishment or damage to environment
Discuss the concept of Operational Risk Management (ORM)
Is a decision making tool used by personnel at all levels to increase effectiveness by identifying, assessing, and managing risks. By reducing the potential for loss, the probability of a successful mission is increased.
Increases Navy’s ability to make informed decisions by providing a standardized RM process.
Minimizes risks to acceptable levels, commensurate with mission accomplishment. The amount of risk the Navy will accept in war is much greater than what the Navy should accept in peace, but the process is the same. Correct application of the ORM process will reduce losses and associated costs resulting in more efficient use of resources.
Applies to off-duty activities due to their own diverse set of hazards and risks. ORM must be practiced 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and 365 days a year.
Discuss the four principles of ORM.
- Accept Risk when Benefits Outweigh the Cost. The process of weighing risks against the benefits and value of the mission or task helps to maximize success. Balancing costs and benefits is a subjective process. Therefore, personnel with knowledge and experience of the mission or task must be engaged when making risk decisions.
- Accept No Unnecessary Risk. If all detectable hazards have not been identified, then unnecessary risks are being accepted. Additionally, an unnecessary risk is any risk that, if taken, will not contribute meaningfully to mission or task accomplishment or will needlessly jeopardize personnel or materiel. The RM process identifies hazards that might otherwise go unidentified and provides tools to reduce or offset risk. The acceptance of risk does not equate to the imprudent willingness to gamble. Take only risks that are necessary to accomplish the mission or task.
- Anticipate and Manage Risk by Planning. Integrating RM into planning at all levels and as early as possible provides the greatest opportunity to make well-informed risk decisions and implement effective risk controls. This enhances the overall effectiveness of ORM and often reduces costs. Thorough planning identifies associated hazards and the steps necessary to complete the task or mission
- Make Risk Decisions at the Right Level. Anyone can make a risk decision. However, the appropriate level for risk decisions is the person that can make decisions to eliminate or minimize the hazard, implement controls to reduce the risk, or accept the risk. Leaders at all levels must ensure that personnel know how much risk they can accept and when to elevate the decision to a higher level. Ensuring that risk decisions are made at the appropriate level will establish clear accountability. Therefore, those accountable for the mission must be included in the RM process. If the commander, leader, or individual responsible for executing the mission or task determines that the controls available to them will not reduce risk to an acceptable level, they must elevate the risk decisions to the next level in the chain of command.
Explain the five steps of the ORM process.
1.Identify the hazards
A hazard is any condition with the potential to negatively impact mission accomplishment or cause injury, death, or property damage. Hazard identification is the foundation of the entire RM process. If a hazard is not identified, it cannot be controlled. The effort expended in identifying hazards will have a multiplier effect. Therefore, this step should be allotted a larger portion of the available time. There are three basic actions to be completed in this step:
Analyze the Mission
List the Hazards
Determine the Hazard Root Cause
Explain the five steps of the ORM process.
- Assess the hazards
Assess the hazards and for each hazard identified determine the risk in terms of probability and severity.
Severity -the potential consequence that can occur as a result of a hazard and is defined by the degree of injury, illness, property damage, loss of assets (time, money, personnel), or effect on the mission or task
Probability-assessment of the likelihood that a potential consequence may occur as a result of a hazard and is defined by assessment of such factors as location, exposure (cycles or hours of operation), affected populations, experience, or previously established statistical information
Explain the five steps of the ORM process.
- Make risk decisions
There are three basic actions which ultimately lead to making informed risk decisions: identifying control options; determining the effect of these controls on the hazard or risk; and, ultimately deciding how to proceed
Explain the five steps of the ORM process.
- Implement controls
requires that the plan is clearly communicated to all the involved personnel, accountability is established, and necessary support is provided. Careful documentation of each step in the RM process facilitates risk communication and the rational processes behind the RM decisions.
- Make Implementation Clear
- Establish Accountability
- Provide Support
Explain the five steps of the ORM process.
- Supervise.
Supervise and review involves determining the effectiveness of risk controls throughout the mission or task. This involves three actions: monitoring the effectiveness of risk controls; determining the need for further assessment of all or a portion of the mission or task due to an unanticipated change; and capturing lessons learned, both positive and negative.
- Monitor
- Review
- Feedback
Define Hazard Severity Category 1
Loss of the ability to accomplish mission. Death or permanent total disability loss of a mission critical system or equipment, major facility damage, severe environmental damage, mission critical security failure, unacceptable collateral damage
Define Hazard Severity Category 2
Significantly degraded mission capability or unit readiness. Permanent partial disability or sever injury or illness. Extensive damage to equipment or systems, significant damage to property or the environment, security failure, significant collateral damage
Define Hazard Severity Category 3
Degrade mission capability or unit readiness. Minor damage to equipment systems, property or the environment. Minor injury or illness
Define Hazard Severity Category 4
Little or no adverse impact on mission capability or unit readiness. Minimal threat to personnel safety or health. Slight equipment or systems damage but fully functional and serviceable. Little or no property or environmental damage.
Define Hazard Probability Code A
Likely to occur, immediately or within a short period of time. Expected to occur frequently to an individual item or person, or continuously over a service life for an inventory of items or groups.
Define Hazard Probability Code B
Probably will occur in time. Expected to occur several times to an individual item or person or several times over a service life for an inventory of items or group.
