102 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Amoxicillin
- Drug type
- Mechanism of action
- Administration
Penicillin (beta-lactam)
Mechanism
- Inhibits bacterial wall synthesis by attaching to them
Administration
- Oral
- IV infusion
- IV injection
Amoxicillin
- Common adverse effects
Nausea
Vomiting
Rashes/ skin reactions
Hypersensitivity
Thrombocytopenia
Amoxicillin
- Important interactions
Methotrexate
Warfarin
Allopurinol
Amoxicillin
- Contraindications
History of anaphylaxis, urticaria or rash after penicillin= risk
Clarithromycin
- Drug type
- Mechanism of action
- Administration
Macrolide antibiotic
Mechanism
- Inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria.
Administration:
- Oral
- IV
Clarithromycin
- Indications
Acute exacerbation of COPD
Respiratory tract infections
Skin/ soft tissue infections
Amoxicillin
- Indications
- Susceptible infections: UTI, sinusitis, CAP (uncomplicated), oral infections, salmenolleosis
- Helicobacter pylori
- Otis media
Clarithromycin
- Common adverse effects
GI disorders/ discomfort (abdo pain)
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Headache
Insomnia
Anaphylaxis
Clarithromycin
- Important interactions
A LOT (CYP450 inhibitor):
Ca2+ channel blockers:
- Amlodipine
- Verapamil
Statins:
- Atorvastatin
Steroids:
- Beclometasone
- Betamethasone
Carbamazepine
- reduces its clearance
Warfarin
HIV medications
Diuretics:
- Bendrofluethiazide
- Bumetanide
- Chlorothiazide
Amiodarone
Apomorphine
Ariprazole
Clarithromycin
- Contraindications
Pregnancy
Hepatic impairment
Renal impairment- avoid if severe
Hypokalaemia
Vancomycin
- Drug type
- Mechanism of action
- Administration
Glycopeptide antibiotic
- Inhibits cell wall production in gram positive bacteria
Administration
- Mouth
- IV
Vancomycin
- Indications
C.difficile
Complicated skin/ soft tissue infections (IV)
Surgical prophylaxis
Peritonitis
Vancomycin
- Common adverse effects
with IV
- Localised pain
Vancomycin
- Important interactions
BARES, including:
- Bumetanide
- Ciclosporin
- Ibuprofen
- Naproxen
Vancomycin
- Contraindications
With IV
- Previous hearing loss
Atropine
- Drug type
- Mechanism of action
- Administration
Antagonist for Muscarinic AchR
- inhibits Parasympathetic system
Administration
- Mouth
- IV
- IM
- Rectal
Atropine
- Indications
Bradycardia
Atropine
- Common adverse effects
Constipation
Headache
Nausea
Tachycardia
Dry mouth
Atropine
- Contraindications
GI obstruction
MG
Severe UC
Urinary retention
Significant bladder outflow obstruction
Plyoric stenosis
Atropine
- Drug interaction
BARES, includes:
- Chlorpromazine
- Clozapine
- Cyclizine
- Haloperidol
- Levodopa
- Tiopropium
Adrenaline
- Mechanism of action
- Administration
Acts on adrenoreceptors
- Increases heart rate and contractility (beta-1 receptors)
- Peripheral vasodilation (b2)
- Vasoconstriction (alpha)
Administration
- IV
- IM
Adrenaline
- Indications
Cardiopulmonary resus
Acute anaphylaxis, angioedema
Acute hypotension
Adrenaline
- Contraindications
Pregnancy
Renal impairment
Adrenaline
- Interactions
Bisoprolol
Propranolol
Selegiline
Amitriptyline
