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Z Biology: Module 4 > 10.2 The five kingdoms > Flashcards

10.2 The five kingdoms Flashcards

1
Q

Name all five of Robert Whittaker’s kingdoms. (5 marks)

A

Prokaryotae
Protoctista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia

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2
Q

Define the term heterotrophic. (1 mark)

A

Feed on other organisms.

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3
Q

Define the term autotrophic. (1 mark)

A

Make their own food.

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4
Q

Define the term saprophytic. (1 mark)

A

Feed on decaying matter.

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5
Q

Describe four main characteristics of the organisms in the kingdom prokaryotae. (4 marks)

A
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6
Q

Describe five main characteristics of the organisms in the kingdom protoctista. ( 5 marks)

A
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7
Q

Describe six main characteristics of the organisms in the kingdom fungi. (6 marks)

A
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8
Q

Describe six main characteristics of the organisms in the kingdom plantae. (6 marks)

A
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9
Q

Describe six main characteristics of the organisms in the kingdom animalia. (6 marks)

A
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10
Q

Describe the feeding mechanism of the organisms in the kingdom prokaryotae. (1 mark)

A

Autotrophic or by absorption

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11
Q

Describe the feeding mechanism of the organisms in the kingdom protoctista. (1 mark)

A

Autotrophic and/or heterotrophic

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12
Q

Describe the feeding mechanism of the organisms in the kingdom fungi. (1 mark)

A

Saprophytic and/or absorption

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13
Q

Describe the feeding mechanism of the organisms in the kingdom plantae. (1 mark)

A

Autotrophic

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14
Q

Describe the feeding mechanism of the organisms in the kingdom animalia. (1 mark)

A

Heterotrophic

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15
Q

Are prokaryotae unicellular or multicellular? (1 mark)

A

Unicellular

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16
Q

Are protoctista unicellular or multicellular? (1 mark)

A

Mainly unicellular

17
Q

Are fungi unicellular or multicellular? (1 mark)

A

Unicellular or multicellular

18
Q

Are plantae unicellular or multicellular? (1 mark)

A

Multicellular

19
Q

Are animalia unicellular or multicellular? (1 mark)

A

Multicellular

20
Q

Name the kingdom that does not have a nucleus or other membrane bound organelles. (1 mark)

A

Prokaryotae

21
Q

Is the DNA in prokayotae linear or circular? (1 mark)

A

Circular

22
Q

Define the term sessile. (1 mark)

A

Can’t move.

23
Q

Define the term locomotion. (1 mark)

A

The movement or the ability to move from one place to the other.

24
Q

Do fungi contain chloroplasts? (1 mark)

A

No.

25
Q

What are the cell membranes made out of in fungi? (1 mark)

A

Chitin.

26
Q

What two things are the bodies of fungi usually made of? (2 marks)

A

Mycelium or threads of hyphae.

27
Q

How do fungi store their food? (1 mark)

A

Glycogen

28
Q

Name the two kingdoms that contain organelles that have chloroplasts. (2 marks)

A

Protoctista (some)
Plantae (all)

29
Q

How do plantae store food? (1 mark)

A

As starch.

30
Q

What are the cell walls of plantae made of? (1 mark)

A

Cellulose

31
Q

How is food stored in animalia? (1 mark)

A

As glycogen.

32
Q

Name the three domains. (3 marks)

A

Eukarya
Archaea
Bacteria

33
Q

How were the three domains established? (2 marks)

A

Using differences in the sequences of RNA, lipid structure, and sensitivity to antibiotics.

34
Q

How many proteins does the RNA polymerase of the three domains contain? (3 marks)

A

Eukarya= 12
Archaea= 10
Bacteria= 5

35
Q

What size ribosomes do the organelles in each of the three domains contain? (3 marks)

A

Eukarya= 80s
Archaea= 70s
Bacteria= 70s

36
Q

In the three domain system, which kingdom from the five kingdom system is split into two separate kingdoms, and what into? (3 marks)

A

Original kingdom: Prokaryotae
The new kingdoms:
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria

37
Q

What do the cell walls of archaebacteria contain? (1 mark)

A

Peptidoglycan

38
Q

What kind of environments do archaebacteria live in, in comparison to eubacteria? (1 mark)

A

Extreme environments

Z Biology: Module 4 (23 decks)

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