Chapter 8: Growth and Measurement & Nutrition

Question 1

Infants normally increase their birth length by ____% during the first year of life.

Select one:

a. 10
b. 25
c. 50
d. 100
e. 200

Answer 1

c. 50

Question 2

The upper-to-lower segment ratio should be calculated:

Select one:
a. bimonthly for the first year of life.

b. annually for the first 5 years.
c. when a child is suspected of having a growth problem or unusual body proportions.
d. in children of first-generation immigrants.
e. every 6 months for the first 24 months.

Answer 2

c. when a child is suspected of having a growth problem or unusual body proportions.

Question 3

Which maternal factor is most predictive of whether an infant will receive inoculations?

Select one:

a. The mother has family support.
b. The mother is divorced.
c. The mother breast-feeds.
d. The mother uses drugs.
e. The mother received prenatal care.

Answer 3

e. The mother received prenatal care.

Question 4

Deficiency of which of the following is a concern in the vegetarian diet?

Select one:

a. Ascorbic acid
b. Vitamin B12
c. Folate
d. Carbohydrates
e. Vitamin K

Answer 4

b. Vitamin B12

Question 5

Which organ(s) complete(s) physical development more quickly than any other body part?

Select one:

a. Brain
b. Kidneys
c. Heart
d. Lungs
e. Lymphoid tissue

Answer 5

a. Brain

Question 6

The term large for gestational age (LGA) indicates that an infant is larger than ____% of infants born at the same number of weeks’ gestation.

Select one:

a. 10
b. 25
c. 50
d. 75
e. 90

Answer 6

e. 90

Question 7

Skeletal mass and organ systems double in size during:

Select one:

a. infancy.
b. early childhood.
c. adolescence.
d. early adulthood.
e. mid-life.

Answer 7

c. adolescence.

Question 8

By 10 to 12 years of age, lymphatic tissues are about _____ adult size.

Select one:

a. 25% of
b. 50% of
c. the same as
d. twice the
e. five times the

Answer 8

d. twice the

Question 9

Between 5 and 24 months of life, the infant’s chest circumference is normally:

Select one:
a. about equal to the head circumference.

b. greater than the head circumference by 2 inches.
c. smaller than the head circumference by about 4 inches.
d. at least 2 inches smaller than head circumference.
e. none of the above; there is no relation between head and chest circumference during this period.

Answer 9

a. about equal to the head circumference.

Question 10

Which of the following hormones has a key role in regulating body fat mass and is believed to be a trigger for puberty?

Select one:

a. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)
b. Leptin
c. Growth hormone
d. Somatostatin
e. Ghrelin

Answer 10

b. Leptin

Question 11

Healthy term babies generally double their birth weight by what age?

Select one:

a. 1 month
b. 3 months
c. 5 months
d. 9 months
e. 12 months

Answer 11

c. 5 months

Question 12

The most frequent cause of serious hypertension in children is:

Select one:

a. malnutrition.
b. liver failure.
c. renal disease.
d. rheumatic fever.
e. heart disease.

Answer 12

c. renal disease.

Question 13

At what age does peak height growth velocity occur in boys?

Select one:

a. 6
b. 10
c. 12
d. 13.5
e. 15.5

Answer 13

d. 13.5

Question 14

A pain scale that is reliable and valid for children is the:

Select one:

a. pain-o-meter scale.
b. pain-rating instrument scale.
c. numeric pain intensity scale.
d. Wong/Baker Faces Rating Scale.
e. descriptive pain intensity scale.

Answer 14

d. Wong/Baker Faces Rating Scale.

Question 15

Expected memory skills vary with the age of the child. When testing immediate recall, a 5-year-old can be expected to repeat how many digits or words?

Select one:

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5

Answer 15

d. 4

Question 16

In clinical practice, the Ballard Assessment Tool is used to assess a newborn’s:

Select one:

a. length.
b. weight.
c. lung maturity.
d. gestational age. CorrectThe Ballard Assessment Tool assesses six physical and six neuromuscular characteristics, administered within 36 hours of birth, to confirm the newborn’s gestational age.
e. future IQ.

Answer 16

d. gestational age

Question 17

Sexual maturation begins earlier in girls with a higher:

Select one:

a. upper-to-lower segment ratio.
b. arm span.
c. head circumference.
d. gestational age.
e. body mass index (BMI).

Answer 17

e. body mass index (BMI)

Question 18

Achieving an optimal infant birth weight is difficult for pregnant adolescents because:

Select one:
a. they have not completed their own growth spurt.

b. there are insufficient uterine supporting structures.
c. the amnionic fluid is variable in adolescents.
d. blood volume has not reached adult proportions.
e. most of the maternal tissue growth occurs in the third trimester.

Answer 18

a. they have not completed their own growth spurt.

Question 19

Frontal skull bossing, cranial ridges, mandibular overgrowth, and maxillary widening are characteristics of:
Select one:
a. infantile hydrocephalus.
b. acromegaly.
c. Cushing syndrome.
d. achondroplasia.
e. Turner syndrome.

Answer 19

b. acromegaly.

Question 20

An 11-year-old boy is brought in for an annual physical examination by his mother. You suspect \_\_\_\_\_ when you measure his arm span at 65 inches and his height at 60 inches.
Select one:
a. premature pubarche
b. hypothyroidism
c. scoliosis
d. Marfan syndrome 
e. dwarfism

Answer 20

d. Marfan syndrome

Question 21

Which of the following groups has the greatest variation in pulse rate?
Select one:
a. Toddlers Incorrect
b. Premature infants
c. Neonates
d. Adolescents
e. Older adults

Answer 21

b. Premature infants

Question 22

Which of the following is the most accurate reflection of an individual’s food intake?
Select one:
a. 24-hour diet recall
b. Food diary
c. Computerized nutrient analysis
d. Serum protein assays
e. Imparing the individual’s intake with the MyPlate.gov website.

Answer 22

b. Food diary

A food diary is recorded as it happens, making this method the most accurate reflection of an individual’s food intake.

Question 23

A woman with a normal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) should gain around \_\_\_\_\_ pounds during pregnancy.
Select one:
a. 10
b. 15 
c. 20
d. 30
e. 40

Answer 23

d. 30

Question 24

How much of the weight gained during a normal pregnancy is accounted for by an increase in blood volume?
Select one:
a. Less than 1 pound
b. 1 to 2 pounds
c. 3 to 4 pounds
d. 4 to 6 pounds 
e. 6 to 8 pounds

Answer 24

c. 3 to 4

Question 25

Monitoring a patient’s waist-to-hip ratio provides data concerning
Select one:
a. daily caloric requirements.
b. lung capacity.
c. stomach cancer risk.
d. cardiovascular disease risk.

Answer 25

d. cardiovascular disease risk