Ch 3 Working Memory

Question 1

Working Memory

Answer 1

The brain’s cognitive system that helps us hold limited information for a short period of time when consciously aware.

Question 2

Short-term memory

Answer 2

Older term for working memory

Question 3

Primary memory

Answer 3

An older term that was used for working memory

Question 4

How long is information held in short term(working memory)?

Answer 4

15-30 seconds

Question 5

Sensory Memory

Answer 5

A memory system that holds information for a fraction of a second.

Question 6

Iconic memory

Answer 6

Visual memory system

Question 7

Echoic Memory

Answer 7

Auditory sensory memory

Question 8

Capacity

Answer 8

The amount of information that can be held in working memory.

Question 9

The capacity of information that is stored in working memory

Answer 9

7 items

Question 10

Digit span task

Answer 10

The list of numbers a participant must remember

Question 11

Chunk

Answer 11

The basic unit of working memory that consists of related components.

Question 12

Pronunciation time

Answer 12

The 1.5 seconds used to verbally rehearse items for working memory

Question 13

Word length effect

Answer 13

Longer words are harder to retain in working memory than shorter words

Question 14

Rehearsal

Answer 14

actively retaining the items in working memory by repeating them over and over: Maintenance Rehearsal

Question 15

Maintenance Rehearsal

Answer 15

repeating the information over and over

Question 16

Elaborative Rehearsal

Answer 16

Focus on the meaning of the information in working memory

Question 17

Elaborative rehearsal process

Answer 17

associating the item in working memory to existing long-term memory structures

• requires focus
• creates retrieval cues

Question 18

Duration of information in working memory

Answer 18

the length of time information will be retained in working memory when not rehearsed

Question 19

Rehearsal prevention task

Answer 19

a task that prevents a participant from maintaining information in working memory

Question 20

Interference

Answer 20

the new information that replaces old information from working memory

Question 21

Serial position curve

Answer 21

an observation where participants remember the beginning and ending of a list and not the middle

Question 22

Primacy effect

Answer 22

Memory recall is better for items in the beginning of the list. Usually encoded into long term memory.

Question 23

Recency effect

Answer 23

Memory recall is better for the last studied items on a list due to retention in working memory.

Question 24

Alan Baddeley

Answer 24

change from short to working memory

actual multiple working memory systems

Question 25

Visuospatial sketchpad

Answer 25

Visual working memory

Question 26

Phonological Loop

Answer 26

Auditory working memory

Question 27

Episodic buffer

Answer 27

coordinates the overlap between the visual and auditory systems

Question 28

Central executive

Answer 28

coordinates the activities of the visual and auditory systems

Question 29

Concurrent tasks

Answer 29

Tasks that are done simultaneously

Question 30

Articulatory suppression

Answer 30

Interference

a concurrent task that prevents the participant from engaging in rehearsal within the phonological loop

Question 31

Which types of working memory systems interfere with each other?

Answer 31

Two visual or either two audio. Never visual with audio.