NON-BRANCHING, SPORE-FORMING, Catalase-POSITIVE, Gram-positive Bacilli

Question 1

colony appearance of Bacillus anthracis

Answer 1

Medusa Head
ground glass colonies

in 5% BAM

Question 2

three forms of diseases causeed by B. anthracis

Answer 2

cutaneous
gastrointestinal
pulmonary (Wool sorter’s disease/Rag Picker’s disease)

Question 3

a black necrotic lesionin cutaneous anthracis

Answer 3

Eschar

Question 4

the composition of the anthrax toxin consists of the following proteins:

Answer 4

Protective Antigen (PA) – facilitates the transport of the 2 other proteins ino the cell
Edema Factor
Lethal factor

Question 5

laboratory identification of Bacillus cereus

Answer 5

1. penicillin resistant
2. B-hemoolytic
3. motile
4. wide zone of lethicinase on Egg Yolk Agar

Question 6

the two tyes of symptoms upon the ingestion of B. cereus from contaminated food

Answer 6

1. diarrhea and abdominal pain – 8 to 16 hours

2. nausea and vomitting – 1 to 5 hours

Question 7

toxins produced in diarrheal B. cereus infection

Answer 7

• hemolysin BL (hBL)
• nonhemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe)
• cytotoxin K (CytK)

Question 8

toxin in diarrheal B. cereus infection responsible for its major symptoms

Answer 8

Nhe

Question 9

the emetic form of illness is associated to this toxin

Answer 9

cereulide (heat stable, proteolytic, acid resistant)

Question 10

bacilli that is found in feces without the presence of gastrointestinal disturbance

Answer 10

Bacillus thuringiensis

Question 11

method od specimen collection in cutaneous anthrax

Answer 11

collection of specimen beneath the eschar

Question 12

inhalattion anthrax specimens

Answer 12

Blood culture speecimen
Pleural fluid
a specimen for serology

Question 13

an enrichment or selective technique used in order to eliminate conttaminants and enhance the growth of Bacillus

Answer 13

Alcohol or heat shock

Question 14

the only specific procedure to directly detect Bacillus anthracis

Answer 14

Gram Stain

Question 15

sporulation of Baacillus is enhanced by the following:

Answer 15

oxygen
triple iron sugar
urea
nutrient agar with 5 mg/L manganese sulfate

Question 16

spore stain components/method

Answer 16

1. smear covered with primary stain malachite green and filter paper
2. heated but the slide should be kept moist
3. safraanin counterstain

Question 17

all Bacillus grow in the following culture media

Answer 17

BAM
CAM

selecttive media:
CNA
PEA
PLET (polymyxin-lysosome-EDTA-thallous acetate)

Question 18

heat shock treatment utilized for sporulation is achieved at these temperatures for most Bacillus spp exceept B. anthracis

Answer 18

70C for 30 minutes ;
80C for 10 minutes

effeective in eliminating vegeetative organisms

Question 19

heat shock treatment to enduce sporulation in B. anthracis

Answer 19

62 to 65C 15 to 20 mins