CSICU Surgery/Procedures

Question 1

CABG

Answer 1

Coronary artery bypass graft.
Surgery to treat CAD.
Healthy artery or vein from the body is connected to the blocked coronary artery, bypassing the blocked artery.

Question 2

SVG

Answer 2

Saphenous vein graft.

Commonly used for CABG.

Question 3

LIMA/RIMA

Answer 3

Left/Right internal mammary graft.
LIMA is the artery behind the sternum that runs from the left collarbone area, down the chest wall.
RIMA starts from the right collarbone area and crosses the heart to the left
Used for CABG (LIMA more often than RIMA)

Question 4

BIMA

Answer 4

Bilateral internal mammary graft

Using both LIMA and BIMA for CABG.

Question 5

TVR

Answer 5

Tricuspid valve replacement.
Removal of the tricuspid valve and replacing it with a artificial one (either mechanical or biological tissue).
Used to treat TV disease like TV stenosis or regurgitation.

Question 6

AVR

Answer 6

Aortic valve replacement
Removal of the aortic valve and replacing it with a artificial one (either mechanical or biological tissue).
Used to treat AV disease like AV stenosis/regurgitation

Question 7

MVR

Answer 7

mitral valve replacement
Removal of the mitral valve and replacing it with a artificial one (either mechanical or biological tissue).
Used to treat MV disease like MV stenosis/regurgitation

Question 8

IABP

Answer 8

intra-aortic balloon pump.

Therapeutic device that helps you heart pump more blood, in cases where MI or decreased LV function (LVF) has occurred)

Question 9

ECMO

Answer 9

Extra-corporeral membrane oxygenator.
ECMO is for pt’s unresponsive to ALL other treatments.
VV-ECMO = primarily the lung resting; still have pulsate flow (i.e. still have pulse), still perfusion to lungs and coronary arteries
VA-ECMO = heart and lung resting; no pulsatile flow (i.e. no pulse), decrease pulmonary blood flow.

Question 10

TEE

Answer 10

transesophageal echocardiography.
Long thin endoscope to guide the US transducer down the esophagus, allowing the Dr to see the heart without the ribs or lungs in the way.
Looking for problems with valves or chambers.

Question 11

TTE

Answer 11

Transthoracic echocardiography.

Using US on the pts chest to look at the heart

Question 12

CPB

Answer 12

Cardio-pulmonary bypass.
When a machine takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery.
A form of ECMO, however ECMO is for longer term treatment.