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Computing Flashcards > Networks > Flashcards

Networks Flashcards

1
Q

What is a computer network?

A

A set of computers sharing resources located on or provided by network nodes.

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2
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of a computer networks

A

Advantages:

Sharing of resources such as printers, storage space
Managed/central backing up of data
Central installation and management of software by network admin
Monitoring of users and network activity centrally by network admin
Hot desking/users can login to any machine
Ability to use communication tools between computers

Disadvantages:

Security of data – requires correct settings or anyone can see restricted data
Spreading of malware
Cost of infrastructure
Cost of network admin required to run network
Dependency on network hardware

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3
Q

What does LAN stand for

A

Local area network
covers a small geographical area
eg.school network

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4
Q

What does WAN stand for?

A

Wide area network

Covers Large geographical area

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5
Q

What does PAN stand for

A

Personal area network

Eg.Bluetooth

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6
Q

Describe the differences between a wired and wireless network:

A

A wireless network allows devices to stay connected to the network but roam untethered to any wires. These are slightly cheaper.

A wired network uses cables to connect devices to the internet. These are usually more reliable.

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7
Q

Describe the star network topology:

A

Network topology in which there is a central node which all other workstations are connected to

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8
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of a star network

A
  • reliable as if one connection connection fails the other nodes are still able to access resources on the network
  • very few collisions as each node has its own cable
  • Easy to scale up or down
  • Good security as all workstations have to interact with the server first
  • expensive (lots of cabling)
  • if the central node fails the whole networks goes down
  • High performance central node required as it has to handle a lot of traffic
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9
Q

Describe the bus network topology:

A

Network topology which consists of 1 cable which each device connects to. The signals are bounced from each end with terminators to stop them from bouncing endlessly

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10
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of a bus network

A

-cheap and easy to install (less cabling)

  • limited number of devices they can support
  • large amount of traffic and collisions
  • If the cable/terminator fails, the network will break
  • Any computer on the network can eavesdrop the data running through the cable
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11
Q

Define the term ‘network protocol’

A

A set of rules used to govern a network

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12
Q

What is TCP

A

Transmission control protocol-a protocol setting the rules for how devices connect over a network.

Used in the Transport layer

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13
Q

What is IP?

A

Internet protocol
An IP address serves two main functions: host or network interface identification and location addressing.

Used In the Network layer

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14
Q

What is HTTP

A

Hyper text transfer protocol
Rules for the transfer of hypertext mark-up language- usually for websites

Used in the Application layer

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15
Q

What is HTTPS

A

Hyper text transfer protocol
Rules for the transfer of hypertext mark-up language with security features- usually for websites

Used in the Application layer

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16
Q

What is FTP?

A

Protocol used to transfer files between a client and server on a network

Used in the Application layer

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17
Q

What is SMTP?

A

Simple Mail Transfer-protocol for transfer of mails between mail servers

Used in the Application layer

18
Q

What is IMAP?

A

Internet Message Access Protocol-protocol for transfer of mails between client and mail server
Can sync across multiple devices

Used in the Application layer

19
Q

What is Ethernet?

A

A family of protocols responsible for sending and receiving data along a network cable. Works over a range of data speeds.

20
Q

What is Wi-Fi?

A

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) devices use radio technology to form a network. One of those technologies is Wi-Fi.

21
Q

What is UDP?

A

User Datagram Protocol-A protocol setting the rules for how devices connect over a network similar to TCP, but with no handshaking, but a lower latency transmission.

Used in the Transport layer

22
Q

What are the 4 layers of the TCP/IP model

A

Application layer
Transport layer
Network layer
Data link layer

23
Q

Advantage of using UDP over TCP/IP

A

It is faster because no time is spent fixing or checking errors. Less delay

24
Q

Where might UDP be used?

A

Real time things such as video calling or a match of Fortnite (you want the lowest delay possible)

25
Q

Advantage of using TCP/IP over UDP

A

Handshaking and Error detection and correction

26
Q

What does encryption mean?

A

Convert data to a different format so it cannot read

27
Q

what is the purpose of a firewall?

A

To monitor and restrict the movement of data in and out of a network

28
Q

Give drawbacks of encrypting data

A

takes time to encrypt/decrypt data

It is expensive and if they key is lost/unknown then data can’t be retrieved

29
Q

What is meant by biometric authorisation?

A

Biological matter for authorisation

eg. Finger prints, face/eye scans, voice recognition

30
Q

What is a ‘mac address’?

A

A unique address to help a device be identified among all the others

31
Q

What is ‘mac address filtering’?

A

Only allowing network connection to certain mac addresses

32
Q

disadvantages of 2fa (2 factor authentication)

A

Slow and requires the user to have their email or phone on them all the time.

33
Q

factors affecting the strength of a password

A

Length and variation of symbols, numbers and letters

34
Q

Explain how IP addresses can be static

or dynamic.

A

Static- IP stays the same

Dynamic-IP changes (is more secure but other devices may not remember the device if uses IP address identification)

35
Q

What is the application layer ?

A

The application layer is the layer where programs that use the network are operated.
This layer is concerned with collecting and distributing data. It makes sure data is in a suitable format.

35
Q

What is the transport layer?

A

This layer is concerned with establishing and terminating connections between devices on a network. It does this via the use of a router. This layer also performs any error detection and correction functions, and establishes the speed at which the data can be sent and received.

37
Q

What is the network layer?

A

This layer allows the exchange of data between lots of different networks. It is at this layer that the IP part of the protocol is used to establish a route to the destination of the data packet.

38
Q

What is the data link layer?

A

This is concerned with the transmission media that is used to send data over a local network. It ensures the network hardware can be used to transmit the data and that any transmission media can be used.

39
Q

What is packet switching?

A

message being broken down into packets

happens in transport layer

40
Q

Why is network security necessary?

A

Due to security reasons such as:

Data Changes
Data Loss
Data Theft
Leaking confidential data

Computing Flashcards (10 decks)

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