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IELTS > Family And Friends > Flashcards

Family And Friends Flashcards

1
Q

Toddler

A

a young child who is just beginning to walk.

کودک نو پا

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2
Q

Infant

A

a very young child or baby.

نوزاد

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3
Q

Adolescent

A

(of a young person) in the process of developing from a child into an adult.

نوجوان

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4
Q

Youth

A

the period between childhood and adult age.

جوان

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5
Q

Teenager

A

a person aged between 13 and 19 years

نوجوان

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6
Q

Extended family

A

a family that extends beyond the nuclear family, including grandparents, aunts, uncles, and other relatives, who all live nearby or in one household.

خانواده گسترده

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7
Q

Nuclear family

A

a couple and their dependent children, regarded as a basic social unit.

خانواده عادی

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8
Q

Inheritance

A

a thing that is inherited

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9
Q

Acquaintance

A

a person one knows slightly, but who is not a close friend.

آشنا آشنایی

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10
Q

lifelong

A

lasting or remaining in a particular state throughout a person’s life

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11
Q

bond

A

a relationship between people or groups based on shared feelings, interests, or experiences.
“there was a bond of understanding between them”
synonyms: friendship, relationship, fellowship, partnership, association, affiliation, alliance, coalition, attachment

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12
Q

Pay out

A

a large payment of money, especially as compensation or a dividend.
“an insurance payout”

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13
Q

Misled

A

cause (someone) to have a wrong idea or impression about someone or something.
“fans believed they were misled about the reasons for the cancellation”
synonyms: deceive, delude, take in, lie to, fool, hoodwink, lead astray, throw off the scent, send on a wild goose chase

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14
Q

Obliged

A

make (someone) legally or morally bound to an action or course of action.
“doctors are obliged by law to keep patients alive while there is a chance of recovery”
synonyms: require, compel, bind, make, constrain, obligate, force, put under an obligation, leave someone no option

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15
Q

Adequate

A

satisfactory or acceptable in quality or quantity.
“this office is perfectly adequate for my needs”
synonyms: up to scratch

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16
Q

Estate

A

an extensive area of land in the country, usually with a large house, owned by one person, family, or organization.
synonyms: demesne

all the money and property owned by a particular person, especially at death.
“in his will, he divided his estate between his wife and daughter”
synonyms: gear, trek

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17
Q

Deceased

A

a person who has died.

“in memory of the deceased”

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18
Q

Circumstances

A

a fact or condition connected with or relevant to an event or action.
“we wanted to marry but circumstances didn’t permit”
synonyms: situation, conditions, set of conditions, state of affairs, things, position, events, turn of events, incidents

one’s state of financial or material welfare.
“the artists are living in reduced circumstances”
synonyms: financial/material position, financial/material situation, financial/material status, station in life, lot, lifestyle, resources, means, finances

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19
Q

Possession

A

the state of having, owning, or controlling something.
“he had taken possession of one of the sofas”
synonyms: get one’s mitts on
مالکیت

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20
Q

Distribution

A

the action of sharing something out among a number of recipients.
“she had it printed for distribution among her friends”
synonyms: giving out, dealing out, handing out/around, issue, issuing, issuance, dispensation, administering, administration

توزیع شده

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21
Q

Discrimination

A

the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.
“victims of racial discrimination”
synonyms: prejudice, bias, bigotry, intolerance, narrow-mindedness, unfairness, inequity, favoritism, one-sidedness

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22
Q

Kin

A

one’s family and relations.
“he is expected to make a payment to his wife’s kin”
synonyms: people
خویشاوند

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23
Q

Tremendous

A

very great in amount, scale, or intensity.
“Penny put in a tremendous amount of time”
synonyms: very loud, deafening, ear-splitting, ear-piercing, booming, thundering, thunderous, roaring, resounding
عظیم

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24
Q

Burden

A

a load, typically a heavy one.
synonyms: load, cargo, freight, weight, charge, pack, bundle, parcel
بار مسئولیت

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25
Q

Companionship

A

a feeling of fellowship or friendship.
“the love and companionship of marriage”
synonyms: friendship, fellowship, closeness, togetherness, amity, intimacy, rapport, camaraderie, comradeship
مصاحبت همراهی

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26
Q

Intimacy

A

close familiarity or friendship; closeness.
“the intimacy between a husband and wife”
synonyms: closeness, togetherness, affinity, rapport, attachment, familiarity, confidentiality, close association, close relationship

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27
Q

Cornerstone

A

an important quality or feature on which a particular thing depends or is based.
“a national minimum wage remained the cornerstone of policy”
synonyms: foundation, basis, keystone, mainspring, mainstay, linchpin, bedrock, fundament, base
اساس بنیاد

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28
Q

Undermining

A

the action or process of lessening the effectiveness, power, or ability of someone or something, especially gradually or insidiously.
“the greatest threat of all is the undermining of our Constitution”
تضعیف کردن

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29
Q

Cohabitation

A

the state of living together and having a sexual relationship without being married.
“couples increasingly prefer cohabitation to marriage”
زندگی مشترک

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30
Q

Conventional

A

based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed.
“a conventional morality had dictated behavior”
synonyms: run-of-the-mill, prosaic, pedestrian, commonplace, unimaginative, uninspired, uninspiring, unadventurous, unremarkable
مرسوم

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31
Q

Symptom

A

a physical or mental feature which is regarded as indicating a condition of disease, particularly such a feature that is apparent to the patient.
“dental problems may be a symptom of other illness”
synonyms: manifestation, indication, indicator, sign, mark, feature, trait, prodrome
علامت

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32
Q

Controversy

A

disagreement, typically when prolonged, public, and heated.
“the announcement ended a protracted controversy”
synonyms: disagreement, dispute, argument, debate, dissension, contention, disputation, altercation, wrangle
جنجال

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33
Q

Property

A

a thing or things belonging to someone; possessions collectively.
“she wanted Oliver and his property out of her house”
synonyms: gear, trek

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34
Q

Aspiration

A

a hope or ambition of achieving something.
“the yawning gulf between aspiration and reality”
synonyms: desire, hope, longing, yearning, hankering, urge, wish, aim, ambition
آرزو

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35
Q

Scam

A

a dishonest scheme; a fraud.
“an insurance scam”
synonyms: fraud, swindle, fraudulent scheme, racket, trick, diddle, con, con trick, flimflam
کلاهبرداری

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36
Q

Retrieve

A

get or bring (something) back; regain possession of.
“I was sent to retrieve the balls from his garden”
synonyms: get back, recover, regain (possession of), win back, recoup, reclaim, repossess, redeem, have returned
پس گرفتن

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37
Q

Decrepit

A

(of a person) elderly and infirm.
“a decrepit old drunk”
synonyms: past it, over the hill, no spring chicken
فرتوت

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38
Q

Disposable

A

(of an article) intended to be used once, or until no longer useful, and then thrown away.
“disposable diapers”
synonyms: throwaway, expendable, one-use, nonreturnable, replaceable, paper, plastic, biodegradable, photodegradable
قابل عرضه

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39
Q

Senile

A

(of a person) having or showing the weaknesses or diseases of old age, especially a loss of mental faculties.
“she couldn’t cope with her senile husband”
synonyms: past it, gaga, soft in the head

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40
Q

Edible

A

fit or suitable to be eaten.
“the shrub has small edible berries”
synonyms: safe to eat, fit to eat, fit to be eaten, fit for human consumption, wholesome, good to eat, consumable, digestible, palatable

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41
Q

Constriction

A

the action of making something narrower by pressure or of becoming narrower; tightening.
“asthma is a constriction of the airways”
synonyms: straitening
انقباض

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42
Q

Proportion

A

the action of propitiating or appeasing a god, spirit, or person.
“he lifted his hands in propitiation”

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43
Q

Forged

A

copied fraudulently; fake.

“they have illegally entered the UK using forged travel documents”

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44
Q

Laudable

A

(of an action, idea, or goal) deserving praise and commendation.
“laudable though the aim might be, the results have been criticized”
synonyms: applaudable

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45
Q

Diverging

A

(of paths or lines) going in different directions; separating.
“the junction of two diverging roads”

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46
Q

Courtship

A

a period during which a couple develop a romantic relationship, especially with a view to marriage.
“he married his wife after a whirlwind courtship”
synonyms: romance, affair, love affair, going out, going steady, dating, engagement, keeping company

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47
Q

Substantial

A

of considerable importance, size, or worth.
“a substantial amount of cash”
synonyms: tidy
قابل توجه

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48
Q

Hedonistic

A

engaged in the pursuit of pleasure; sensually self-indulgent.
“a hedonistic existence of drink, drugs, and parties”
synonyms: self-indulgent, indulgent, pleasure-seeking, pleasure-loving, sybaritic, lotus-eating, epicurean, luxurious, unrestrained

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49
Q

Precocious

A

(of a child) having developed certain abilities or proclivities at an earlier age than usual.
“he was a precocious, solitary boy”
synonyms: rathe-ripe

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50
Q

Whirlwind

A

a column of air moving rapidly around and around in a cylindrical or funnel shape.
synonyms: twister, willy-willy

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51
Q

Inevitable

A

certain to happen; unavoidable.
“war was inevitable”
synonyms: unavoidable, inescapable, bound to happen, sure to happen, inexorable, unpreventable, assured, certain, for sure

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52
Q

Distinct

A

recognizably different in nature from something else of a similar type.
“the patterns of spoken language are distinct from those of writing”
synonyms: clear, clear-cut, definite, well defined, sharp, marked, decided, unmistakable, easily distinguishable

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53
Q

Compromise

A

an agreement or a settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions.
“an ability to listen to two sides in a dispute, and devise a compromise acceptable to both”
synonyms: give and take, concession, cooperation

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54
Q

Connoisseur

A

an expert judge in matters of taste.
“a connoisseur of music”
synonyms: expert judge (of), authority (on), specialist (in), arbiter of taste, pundit, savant, one of the cognoscenti, aesthete, gourmet
خبره

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55
Q

Snub

A

rebuff, ignore, or spurn disdainfully.
“he snubbed faculty members and students alike”
synonyms: misprize, scout
جلوگیری سرزنش

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56
Q

Surpass

A

exceed; be greater than.
“prewar levels of production were surpassed in 1929”
synonyms: excel, be better than, be superior to, be greater than, exceed, transcend, outdo, outshine, outstrip

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57
Q

Recession

A

رکود اقتصادی

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58
Q

Correspondence

A

a close similarity, connection, or equivalence.
“there is a simple correspondence between the distance of a focused object from the eye and the size of its image on the retina”
synonyms: correlation, similarity, resemblance, comparability, compatibility, agreement, consistency, congruity, conformity

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59
Q

Confidential

A

intended to be kept secret.
“confidential information”
synonyms: privy
محرمانه

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60
Q

Integrity

A

the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles; moral uprightness.
“he is known to be a man of integrity”
synonyms: honesty, uprightness, probity, rectitude, honor, honorableness, upstandingness, good character, principle(s)
تماما

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61
Q

Cloning

A

propagate (an organism or cell) as a clone.

“of the hundreds of new plants cloned the best ones are selected”

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62
Q

Fundraising

A

the seeking of financial support for a charity, cause, or other enterprise.
“a new development director in charge of fundraising”

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63
Q

Peer

A

همسال

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64
Q

Mentoring

A

راهنمایی

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65
Q

Scheme

A

طرح

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66
Q

Spontaneous

A

performed or occurring as a result of a sudden inner impulse or inclination and without premeditation or external stimulus.
“the audience broke into spontaneous applause”
synonyms: off-the-cuff

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67
Q

Juggling

A

continuously toss into the air and catch (a number of objects) so as to keep at least one in the air while handling the others, typically for the entertainment of others.
“Charles juggled five tangerines, his hands a frantic blur”
شعبده بازی

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68
Q

Simultaneously

A

at the same time.
“the telethon was broadcast simultaneously on 31 US networks”
synonyms: at the same time, at one and the same time, at the same instant/moment, at once, concurrently, concomitantly, together, all together, in unison
همزمان

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69
Q

Self absorbed

A

خودشیفته

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70
Q

Excessive

A

more than is necessary, normal, or desirable; immoderate.
“he was drinking excessive amounts of brandy”
synonyms: exorbitant, extortionate, unreasonable, outrageous, undue, uncalled for, extreme, inordinate, unwarranted

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71
Q

Indicate

A

point out; show.
“dotted lines indicate the text’s margins”
synonyms: designate, specify, stipulate, show

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72
Q

Greet

A

give a polite word or sign of welcome or recognition to (someone) on meeting.
“some of the customers greeted the barman in Gaelic”
synonyms: welcome, meet, receive, show in, usher in, admit, accept, let in

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73
Q

Supposedly

A

according to what is generally assumed or believed (often used to indicate that the speaker doubts the truth of the statement).
“there were rumors of a rift between him and his colleagues, supposedly because they were jealous of his relationship with the Duchess”

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74
Q

Perception

A

the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses.
“the normal limits to human perception”
ادراک

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75
Q

Favourable

A

expressing approval.
“the book received highly favorable reviews”
synonyms: positive, affirmative, assenting, agreeing, concurring, approving, in the affirmative, encouraging, reassuring
مطلوب

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76
Q

Remedial

A

giving or intended as a remedy or cure.

“remedial surgery”

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77
Q

Deskilled

A

reduce the level of skill required to carry out (a job).
“advances in technology had deskilled numerous working-class jobs”
رسوب زده

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78
Q

Cope

A

(of a person) deal effectively with something difficult.
“his ability to cope with stress”
synonyms: stomach, swallow
کنار آمدن

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79
Q

Sequence

A

a particular order in which related events, movements, or things follow each other.
“the content of the program should follow a logical sequence”
synonyms: succession, order, course, series, chain, concatenation, train, string, cycle
توالی

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80
Q

Acquisition

A

an asset or object bought or obtained, typically by a library or museum.
“the legacy will be used for new acquisitions”
synonyms: purchase, accession, addition, asset, buy, investment, possession, accretion, property

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81
Q

Stereotype

A

a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
“the stereotype of the woman as the carer”
synonyms: standard/conventional image, received idea, cliché, hackneyed idea, formula

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82
Q

Invariably

A

in every case or on every occasion; always.
“the meals here are invariably big and hearty”
synonyms: always, every time, each time, on every occasion, at all times, without fail, without exception, whatever happens, universally
همیشه

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83
Q

Innovation

A

the action or process of innovating.
“innovation is crucial to the continuing success of any organization”
synonyms: transmogrification
نوآوری

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84
Q

Boundaries

A

a line that marks the limits of an area; a dividing line.
“the eastern boundary of the wilderness”
synonyms: marge, bourn, skirt

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85
Q

Unprecedented

A

never done or known before.
“the government took the unprecedented step of releasing confidential correspondence”
synonyms: unexampled
بی سابقه

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86
Q

Segment

A

each of the parts into which something is or may be divided.
“a large segment of the local population”
synonyms: subdivision, division, fraction, part, portion, section, constituent, element, unit

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87
Q

Undergoing

A

experience or be subjected to (something, typically something unpleasant, painful, or arduous).
“the baby underwent a life-saving brain operation”
synonyms: wear

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88
Q

Vertical

A

at right angles to a horizontal plane; in a direction, or having an alignment, such that the top is directly above the bottom.
“the vertical axis”
synonyms: acclivitous, declivitous, scarped
عمودی

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5
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89
Q

Solely

A

not involving anyone or anything else; only.
“he is solely responsible for any debts the company may incur”
synonyms: only, simply, just, merely, uniquely, exclusively, entirely, completely, absolutely

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90
Q

Infrastructure

A

the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g. buildings, roads, power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
“the social and economic infrastructure of a country”
زیرساخت

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91
Q

Conceive

A

become pregnant with (a child).

“she was conceived when her father was 49”

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92
Q

Exploit

A

make full use of and derive benefit from (a resource).
“500 companies sprang up to exploit this new technology”
synonyms: utilize, make use of, put to use, use, use to good advantage, turn/put to good use, make the most of, capitalize on, benefit from

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93
Q

Forecast

A

predict or estimate (a future event or trend).
“rain is forecast for eastern Ohio”
synonyms: predict, prophesy, prognosticate, augur, divine, foretell, foresee, forewarn, guess

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94
Q

Niche

A

a comfortable or suitable position in life or employment.
“he is now a partner at a leading law firm and feels he has found his niche”
synonyms: ideal position, calling, vocation, métier, place, function, job, slot, opportunity

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95
Q

Integration

A

combine (one thing) with another so that they become a whole.
“transportation planning should be integrated with energy policy”
synonyms: commingle
ادغام کردن

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96
Q

Criteria

A

a principle or standard by which something may be judged or decided.
“the launch came too close to violating safety criteria”
synonyms: basis, point of reference, standard, norm, yardstick, benchmark, touchstone, test, formula

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97
Q

Alienation

A

the state or experience of being isolated from a group or an activity to which one should belong or in which one should be involved.
“unemployment may generate a sense of political alienation”
synonyms: isolation, detachment, estrangement, distance, separation, severance, parting, division, divorce
بیگانگی

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98
Q

Inherent

A

existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute.
“any form of mountaineering has its inherent dangers”
synonyms: intrinsic, innate, immanent, built-in, inborn, ingrained, deep-rooted, essential, fundamental
ذاتی

99
Q

Absorbed

A

(of energy or a liquid or other substance) taken in or soaked up.
“the stones warm slowly throughout the day, then radiate absorbed heat at night”
جذب شده

100
Q

Explicit

A

stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt.
“the speaker’s intentions were not made explicit”
synonyms: clear, direct, plain, obvious, straightforward, clear-cut, crystal clear, clearly expressed, easily understandable
صریح

101
Q

Enduring

A

continuing or long-lasting.

“he formed a number of enduring relationships with women”

102
Q

Scholarly

A

involving or relating to serious academic study.
“scholarly journals”
synonyms: academic, educational, scholastic, professorial, pedagogic, pedagogical
دانشمند

103
Q

Maternal

A

مادرانه relating to a mother, especially during pregnancy or shortly after childbirth.
“maternal care”
synonyms: on one’s mother’s side, on the distaff side

104
Q

Paramount

A

more important than anything else; supreme.
“the interests of the child are of paramount importance”
synonyms: most important, of greatest importance, of prime importance, of supreme importance, uppermost, supreme, chief, overriding, predominant
مهم‌ترین

105
Q

Peripheral

A

relating to or situated on the edge or periphery of something.
“the peripheral areas of Europe”
synonyms: outlying, outer, on the edge/outskirts, outermost, fringe, border, surrounding
پیرامونی

106
Q

Endowed

A

provide with a quality, ability, or asset.
“he was endowed with tremendous physical strength”
synonyms: provide, supply, furnish, equip, invest, give, present, favor, bless
وقف شده

107
Q

Anthropology

A

the study of human societies and cultures and their development.
مردم شناسی

108
Q

Accentuation

A

make more noticeable or prominent.
“his jacket unfortunately accentuated his paunch”
synonyms: focus attention on, bring/call/draw attention to, point up, underline, underscore, accent, highlight, spotlight, foreground

109
Q

Nurturing

A

emotional and physical nourishment and care given to someone.
“sources of nurturance and security”
پرورش

110
Q

Gestation

A

the process of carrying or being carried in the womb between conception and birth.
synonyms: pregnancy, development, incubation, maturation, ripening
حاملگی

111
Q

Suckling

A

an unweaned child or animal.
“roast suckling pig”
شیردادن

112
Q

Cite

A

quote (a passage, book, or author) as evidence for or justification of an argument or statement, especially in a scholarly work.
“authors who are highly regarded by their peers tend to be cited”
synonyms: refer to, make reference to, mention, allude to, adduce, instance, give as an example, point to, specify

113
Q

Empirical

A

based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.
“they provided considerable empirical evidence to support their argument”
synonyms: empiric

114
Q

Cognitive

A

relating to cognition.

“the cognitive processes involved in reading”

115
Q

Sphere

A

a round solid figure, or its surface, with every point on its surface equidistant from its center.

116
Q

Multidimensional

A

of or involving several dimensions or aspects.

“multidimensional space”

117
Q

Deceitful

A

guilty of or involving deceit; deceiving or misleading others.
“such an act would have been deceitful and irresponsible”
synonyms: fraudulent, counterfeit, fabricated, invented, concocted, made up, trumped up, untrue, hollow

118
Q

Nourishment

A

the food or other substances necessary for growth, health, and good condition.
“tubers from which plants obtain nourishment”
synonyms: food, sustenance, nutriment, nutrition, subsistence, provisions, fare, daily bread, means of keeping body and soul together

119
Q

Obstructive

A

causing a blockage or obstruction.

“all tubing should be cleared of obstructive algae and detritus”

120
Q

Domiciliary

A

concerned with or occurring in someone’s home.

“a study compared domiciliary care with hospital care”

121
Q

Detriment

A

the state of being harmed or damaged.

“he is engrossed in his work to the detriment of his married life”

122
Q

Plausible

A

(of an argument or statement) seeming reasonable or probable.
“a plausible explanation”
synonyms: verisimilar, colorable

123
Q

Devote

A

give all or a large part of one’s time or resources to (a person, activity, or cause).
“I wanted to devote more time to my family”
synonyms: allocate, assign, allot, commit, give, give over, afford, apportion, surrender

124
Q

Acquaintance

A

a person’s knowledge or experience of something.
“the students had little acquaintance with the language”
synonyms: know-how

125
Q

Interfere

A

take part or intervene in an activity without invitation or necessity.
“you promised not to interfere”
synonyms: nosy-parker, snoopy, snooping

126
Q

Forge

A

make or shape (a metal object) by heating it in a fire or furnace and beating or hammering it.
“he forged a great suit of black armor”
synonyms: knock together, knock up, knock off

127
Q

Cordial

A

warm and friendly.
“the atmosphere was cordial and relaxed”
synonyms: friendly, warm, genial, affable, amiable, pleasant, fond, affectionate, warmhearted

128
Q

Leapt

A

jump or spring a long way, to a great height, or with great force.
“I leaped across the threshold”
synonyms: jump over, jump, vault over, vault, spring over, bound over, hurdle, skip (over), cross over

129
Q

Prodigy

A

a person, especially a young one, endowed with exceptional qualities or abilities.
“a Russian pianist who was a child prodigy in his day”
synonyms: child genius, genius, wonder child, mastermind, virtuoso, wunderkind

130
Q

Pandered

A

gratify or indulge (an immoral or distasteful desire, need, or habit or a person with such a desire, etc.).
“newspapers are pandering to people’s baser instincts”
synonyms: indulge, gratify, satisfy, cater to, give in to, fulfill, yield to, bow to, humor

131
Q

Whim

A

a sudden desire or change of mind, especially one that is unusual or unexplained.
“she bought it on a whim”
synonyms: capriciousness, whimsy, caprice, volatility, fickleness, idiosyncrasy, eccentricity, unpredictability

132
Q

Verge

A

an edge or border.
“they came down to the verge of the lake”
synonyms: bourn, marge, skirt
لبه

133
Q

Juvenile

A

of, for, or relating to young people.
“juvenile crime”
synonyms: young, teenage, teenaged, adolescent, junior, underage, pubescent, prepubescent
نوجوان

134
Q

Delinquent

A

(typically of a young person or that person’s behavior) showing or characterized by a tendency to commit crime, particularly minor crime.
“delinquent children”
synonyms: lawless, lawbreaking, criminal, offending, errant, badly behaved, troublesome, difficult, unmanageable

135
Q

Crisis

A

a time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger.
“the current economic crisis”
synonyms: fix, pickle, jam, stew, scrape, bind, hole, sticky situation, hot water

136
Q

Twinge

A

a sudden, sharp localized pain.
“he felt a twinge in his knee”
synonyms: throe

137
Q

Hazy

A

مبهم

138
Q

Rekindle

A

relight (a fire).

“Josh set about rekindling the stove”

139
Q

Lavish

A

فاخر

140
Q

Prenuptial

A

existing or occurring before marriage.
“prenuptial pregnancy”
قبل ازدواج

141
Q

Auction

A

حراج

142
Q

Slippery

A

(of a surface or object) difficult to hold firmly or stand on because it is smooth, wet, or slimy.
“slippery ice”
synonyms: slithery, greasy, oily, icy, glassy, smooth, slick, slimy, wet

143
Q

Contempt

A

the feeling that a person or a thing is beneath consideration, worthless, or deserving scorn.
“he showed his contempt for his job by doing it very badly”
synonyms: contumely

144
Q

Disruptive

A

causing or tending to cause disruption.
“the hours of work are disruptive to home life”
synonyms: refractory

145
Q

Despise

A

feel contempt or a deep repugnance for.
“he despised himself for being selfish”
synonyms: detest, hate, loathe, abhor, abominate, execrate, regard with contempt, feel contempt for, shrink from

146
Q

Disgrace

A

loss of reputation or respect as the result of a dishonorable action.
“he left the army in disgrace”
synonyms: in someone’s bad/black books, in the doghouse, in the dogbox

147
Q

Accumulate

A

gather together or acquire an increasing number or quantity of.
“investigators have yet to accumulate enough evidence”
synonyms: stash (away)

148
Q

Honing

A

sharpen (a blade).
“he was carefully honing the curved blade”
synonyms: edge, acuminate

149
Q

Paramount

A

more important than anything else; supreme.
“the interests of the child are of paramount importance”
synonyms: most important, of greatest importance, of prime importance, of supreme importance, uppermost, supreme, chief, overriding, predominant

150
Q

Wholeheartedly

A

with complete sincerity and commitment.

“I wholeheartedly support your campaign”

151
Q

Acumen

A

the ability to make good judgments and quick decisions, typically in a particular domain.
“business acumen”
synonyms: sapience, arguteness

152
Q

Cordial

A

warm and friendly.
“the atmosphere was cordial and relaxed”
synonyms: friendly, warm, genial, affable, amiable, pleasant, fond, affectionate, warmhearted

153
Q

Leapt

A

jump or spring a long way, to a great height, or with great force.
“I leaped across the threshold”
synonyms: jump over, jump, vault over, vault, spring over, bound over, hurdle, skip (over), cross over

154
Q

Prodigy

A

a person, especially a young one, endowed with exceptional qualities or abilities.
“a Russian pianist who was a child prodigy in his day”
synonyms: child genius, genius, wonder child, mastermind, virtuoso, wunderkind

155
Q

Pandered

A

gratify or indulge (an immoral or distasteful desire, need, or habit or a person with such a desire, etc.).
“newspapers are pandering to people’s baser instincts”
synonyms: indulge, gratify, satisfy, cater to, give in to, fulfill, yield to, bow to, humor

156
Q

Whim

A

a sudden desire or change of mind, especially one that is unusual or unexplained.
“she bought it on a whim”
synonyms: capriciousness, whimsy, caprice, volatility, fickleness, idiosyncrasy, eccentricity, unpredictability

157
Q

Verge

A

an edge or border.
“they came down to the verge of the lake”
synonyms: bourn, marge, skirt
لبه

158
Q

Juvenile

A

of, for, or relating to young people.
“juvenile crime”
synonyms: young, teenage, teenaged, adolescent, junior, underage, pubescent, prepubescent
نوجوان

159
Q

Delinquent

A

(typically of a young person or that person’s behavior) showing or characterized by a tendency to commit crime, particularly minor crime.
“delinquent children”
synonyms: lawless, lawbreaking, criminal, offending, errant, badly behaved, troublesome, difficult, unmanageable

160
Q

Crisis

A

a time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger.
“the current economic crisis”
synonyms: fix, pickle, jam, stew, scrape, bind, hole, sticky situation, hot water

161
Q

Twinge

A

a sudden, sharp localized pain.
“he felt a twinge in his knee”
synonyms: throe

162
Q

Hazy

A

مبهم

163
Q

Rekindle

A

relight (a fire).

“Josh set about rekindling the stove”

164
Q

Lavish

A

فاخر

165
Q

Prenuptial

A

existing or occurring before marriage.
“prenuptial pregnancy”
قبل ازدواج

166
Q

Auction

A

حراج

167
Q

Slippery

A

(of a surface or object) difficult to hold firmly or stand on because it is smooth, wet, or slimy.
“slippery ice”
synonyms: slithery, greasy, oily, icy, glassy, smooth, slick, slimy, wet

168
Q

Contempt

A

the feeling that a person or a thing is beneath consideration, worthless, or deserving scorn.
“he showed his contempt for his job by doing it very badly”
synonyms: contumely

169
Q

Disruptive

A

causing or tending to cause disruption.
“the hours of work are disruptive to home life”
synonyms: refractory

170
Q

Despise

A

feel contempt or a deep repugnance for.
“he despised himself for being selfish”
synonyms: detest, hate, loathe, abhor, abominate, execrate, regard with contempt, feel contempt for, shrink from

171
Q

Disgrace

A

loss of reputation or respect as the result of a dishonorable action.
“he left the army in disgrace”
synonyms: in someone’s bad/black books, in the doghouse, in the dogbox

172
Q

Accumulate

A

gather together or acquire an increasing number or quantity of.
“investigators have yet to accumulate enough evidence”
synonyms: stash (away)

173
Q

Honing

A

sharpen (a blade).
“he was carefully honing the curved blade”
synonyms: edge, acuminate

174
Q

Paramount

A

more important than anything else; supreme.
“the interests of the child are of paramount importance”
synonyms: most important, of greatest importance, of prime importance, of supreme importance, uppermost, supreme, chief, overriding, predominant

175
Q

Wholeheartedly

A

with complete sincerity and commitment.

“I wholeheartedly support your campaign”

176
Q

Acumen

A

the ability to make good judgments and quick decisions, typically in a particular domain.
“business acumen”
synonyms: sapience, arguteness

177
Q

Thinly

A

نازک

178
Q

Gruff

A

ناخوشایند

179
Q

Downright forthright

A

صریح

180
Q

Hostility

A

خصومت

181
Q

Abrasive

A

(of a substance or material) capable of polishing or cleaning a hard surface by rubbing or grinding.
“the wood should be rubbed down with fine abrasive paper”
synonyms: grinding, rubbing, polishing, coarse, coarse-grained, caustic, harsh, mordant, corrosive

182
Q

Fiercely

A

به شدت

183
Q

Thinly

A

نازک

184
Q

Gruff

A

ناخوشایند

185
Q

Downright forthright

A

صریح

186
Q

Hostility

A

خصومت

187
Q

Abrasive

A

(of a substance or material) capable of polishing or cleaning a hard surface by rubbing or grinding.
“the wood should be rubbed down with fine abrasive paper”
synonyms: grinding, rubbing, polishing, coarse, coarse-grained, caustic, harsh, mordant, corrosive

188
Q

Fiercely

A

به شدت

189
Q

Tendency

A

an inclination toward a particular characteristic or type of behavior.
“for students, there is a tendency to socialize in the evenings”
synonyms: trend, movement, drift, swing, gravitation, orientation, bias, direction, course

190
Q

Complexion

A

the natural color, texture, and appearance of a person’s skin, especially of the face.
“a smooth, pale complexion”
synonyms: skin, skin color, skin coloring, skin tone, skin texture, pigmentation

191
Q

Sleek

A

(of hair, fur, or skin) smooth and glossy.
“he was tall, with sleek, dark hair”
synonyms: smooth, glossy, shiny, shining, gleaming, lustrous, silken, silky, satiny

192
Q

Immaculately

A

in a perfectly clean, neat, or tidy manner.

“he always appeared immaculately dressed”

193
Q

Coarse

A

rough or loose in texture or grain.
“a coarse woolen cloth”
synonyms: rough, bristly, scratchy, prickly, hairy, shaggy, wiry

194
Q

Bushy

A

growing thickly into or so as to resemble a bush.
“a dense, bushy plant”
synonyms: thick, shaggy, unruly, fuzzy, rough, bristling, bristly, fluffy, woolly

195
Q

Lanky

A

(of a person) ungracefully thin and tall.

synonyms: tall, thin, slender, slim, lean, lank, skinny, spindly, spare

196
Q

Portly

A

having a stout body; somewhat fat (used especially of a man).
“a portly little man with a bowler hat”
synonyms: pursy

197
Q

Dishevelled

A

(of a person’s hair, clothes, or appearance) untidy; disordered.
“a man with long disheveled hair”
synonyms: draggle-tailed

198
Q

Dysfunctional

A

not operating normally or properly.

“the telephones are dysfunctional”

199
Q

Estranged

A

(of a person) no longer close or affectionate to someone; alienated.
“Harriet felt more estranged from her daughter than ever”

200
Q

Acrimonious

A

(typically of speech or a debate) angry and bitter.
“an acrimonious dispute about wages”
synonyms: acidulous, mordacious, envenomed, squint-eyed

201
Q

Deprived

A

suffering a severe and damaging lack of basic material and cultural benefits.
“the charity cares for destitute and deprived children”
synonyms: necessitous
محروم کردن

202
Q

Expedition

A

a journey or voyage undertaken by a group of people with a particular purpose, especially that of exploration, scientific research, or war.
“an expedition to the jungles of the Orinoco”
synonyms: trip, excursion, outing, journey, jaunt, run

203
Q

Seafare

A

a person who regularly travels by sea; a sailor.

“the shipping subsidiary employs about 800 seafarers and 150 shore staff”

204
Q

Extrovert

A

an outgoing, overtly expressive person.
synonyms: outgoing person, sociable person, life and soul of the party, socializer, mixer, mingler, social butterfly, socialite, party animal

205
Q

Liquefying

A

make or become liquid.
“the minimum pressure required to liquefy a gas”
synonyms: make/become liquid, condense, dissolve, precipitate, liquidize, melt, deliquesce, run

206
Q

Voyage

A

a long journey involving travel by sea or in space.
“writing a biography is a voyage of discovery”
synonyms: journey, trip, expedition, excursion, tour, hike, trek, tramp, safari

207
Q

Simplify

A

make (something) simpler or easier to do or understand.
“an overhaul of court procedure to simplify litigation”
synonyms: make simple/simpler, make easy/easier to understand/do, make plainer, clarify, make more comprehensible, make more intelligible, remove the complexities from, disentangle, untangle

208
Q

Impassable

A

impossible to travel along or over.
“the narrow channels are impassable to oceangoing ships”
synonyms: blocked, closed, obstructed, impenetrable, pathless, trackless, unnavigable, untraversable, unpassable

209
Q

Quarrelled

A

have a heated argument or disagreement.
“stop quarreling with your sister”
synonyms: altercate

210
Q

Outskirt

A

اطراف (شهر و غیره)، حول و حوش، حوالی، برون‌گاه، اکناف (جمع)، گوشه و کنار

211
Q

Persuasive

A

good at persuading someone to do or believe something through reasoning or the use of temptation.
“an informative and persuasive speech”
synonyms: convincing, effective, cogent, compelling, potent, forceful, eloquent, impressive, weighty

212
Q

Reassuring

A

serving or intended to remove someone’s doubts or fears.

“Gina gave her a reassuring smile”

213
Q

Deception

A

the action of deceiving someone.

“obtaining property by deception

214
Q

Lowland

A

دشت

215
Q

Scepticism

A

a skeptical attitude; doubt as to the truth of something.
“these claims were treated with skepticism”
synonyms: agnosticism, doubt, atheism, nontheism, unbelief, nonbelief, rationalism

216
Q

Elaborate

A

involving many carefully arranged parts or details; detailed and complicated in design and planning.
“elaborate security precautions”
synonyms: ornate, decorated, embellished, adorned, ornamented, fancy, overelaborate, fussy, busy

217
Q

Devised

A

plan or invent (a complex procedure, system, or mechanism) by careful thought.
“a training program should be devised”
synonyms: conceive, think up, come up with, dream up, draw up, work out, form, formulate, concoct

218
Q

Consistence

A

another term for consistency

قوام

219
Q

Deceit

A

the action or practice of deceiving someone by concealing or misrepresenting the truth.
“a web of deceit”
synonyms: shift, fetch, rig

220
Q

Conduct

A

هدایت

221
Q

Avert

A

turn away (one’s eyes or thoughts).
“she averted her eyes during the more violent scenes”
synonyms: turn aside, turn away, turn to one side
جلوگیری از

222
Q

Gaze

A

look steadily and intently, especially in admiration, surprise, or thought.
“he could only gaze at her in astonishment”
synonyms: stare, look fixedly, look vacantly, look, take a good look, gape, goggle, peer, leer

223
Q

Articulate

A

(of a person or a person’s words) having or showing the ability to speak fluently and coherently.
“an articulate account of their experiences”
synonyms: eloquent, fluent, communicative, effective, persuasive, coherent, lucid, vivid, expressive
ماهر در سخن

224
Q

Conscientious

A

(of a person) wishing to do what is right, especially to do one’s work or duty well and thoroughly.
“a conscientious and hardworking clerk”
synonyms: diligent, industrious, punctilious, painstaking, sedulous, assiduous, dedicated, careful, meticulous

225
Q

Enthusiastic

A

having or showing intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval.
“the promoter was enthusiastic about the concert venue”
synonyms: eager, keen, avid, ardent, fervent, warm, passionate, zealous, lively

226
Q

Accomplished

A

highly trained or skilled.
“an accomplished pianist”
synonyms: expert, skilled, skillful, masterly, virtuoso, master, consummate, proficient, talented

227
Q

Approachable

A

friendly and easy to talk to.
“managers should be approachable”
synonyms: friendly, welcoming, pleasant, agreeable, congenial, affable, cordial, well disposed, obliging

228
Q

Apathetic

A

showing or feeling no interest, enthusiasm, or concern.
“apathetic slackers who don’t vote”
synonyms: uninterested, indifferent, unconcerned, unmoved, unresponsive, impassive, passive, detached, uninvolved

229
Q

Inarticulate

A

unable to speak distinctly or express oneself clearly.
“he was inarticulate with abashment and regret”
synonyms: tongue-tied, lost for words, at a loss for words, unable to express oneself, unable to get a word out, poorly spoken, mute, dumb, speechless

230
Q

Scruffy

A

بدظاهر

231
Q

Inexperience

A

بی تجربه

232
Q

Foster parents

A

a person who cares for a child who is not his or her biological child

233
Q

Sibling rivalry

A

رقابت خواهر برادر

234
Q

Lenient

A

(of punishment or a person in authority) permissive, merciful, or tolerant.
“judges were far too lenient with petty criminals”
synonyms: merciful, clement, sparing, forgiving, forbearing, tolerant, moderate, charitable, humane

235
Q

Allure

A

the quality of being powerfully and mysteriously attractive or fascinating.
“people for whom gold holds no allure”
synonyms: attraction, lure, draw, pull, appeal, glamour, allurement, enticement, temptation

236
Q

Dull

A

lacking interest or excitement.
“your diet doesn’t have to be dull and boring”
synonyms: uninteresting, boring, tedious, tiresome, wearisome, dry, dry as dust, flat, bland

237
Q

Witty

A

showing or characterized by quick and inventive verbal humor.
“a witty remark”
synonyms: humorous, amusing, droll, funny, comic, comical, chucklesome, sparkling, scintillating

238
Q

Cynical

A

believing that people are motivated by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity.
“her cynical attitude”

239
Q

Amiable

A

having or displaying a friendly and pleasant manner.
“an amiable, unassuming fellow”
synonyms: chummy, matey, regular

240
Q

Correlation

A

a mutual relationship or connection between two or more things.
“research showed a clear correlation between recession and levels of property crime”
synonyms: connection, association, link, tie-in, tie-up, relation, relationship, interrelationship, interdependence

241
Q

Interrelated

A

relate or connect to one another.

“each component interrelates with all the others”

242
Q

Ancestor

A

a person, typically one more remote than a grandparent, from whom one is descended.
“my ancestor Admiral Anson circumnavigated the globe 250 years ago”
synonyms: forebear, forefather, predecessor, progenitor, antecedent

243
Q

Indicator

A

a thing, especially a trend or fact, that indicates the state or level of something.
“car ownership is frequently used as an indicator of affluence”
synonyms: measure, gauge, barometer, index, mark, sign, signal, guide to, standard

IELTS (9 decks)

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