Cardiomyopathy

Question 1

Most common cardiomyopathy

Answer 1

DCM

Question 2

Causes of DCM

Answer 2

Infectious - viral myocarditis
Toxic - Doxorubicin, Cocaine, Heavy Metals, EtOH

Irreversible - Cocaine, Doxorubicin

Question 3

Leading cause of sudden death in young, healthy, athletes

Answer 3

Hypertrophic CMP

Question 4

Mainstay treatment for hCOM

Answer 4

Beta Blockers and Diuretics

Question 5

All forms of cardiomyopathy presents with

Answer 5

shortness of breath and worsened by exertion

Question 6

Best initial test for cardiomyopathy

Answer 6

Echocardiography

Question 7

Most common pathologic process involving the pericardium

Answer 7

Pericarditis

Question 8

Clinical Manifestations of Pericarditis

Answer 8

C R E S T
Chest pain
Rub 
Effusion
ST Elevation
Tamponade (a potential complication)

*ECG: Diffuse ST Elevation with PR segment Depression

Question 9

4 Stages of ECG Changes in Pericarditis

Answer 9

Stage 1 - widespread ST Elevation
Stage 2 - ST segments return to normal
Stage 3 - T waves become inverted
Stage 4 - ECG returns to normal

Question 10

Management of Pericarditis

Answer 10

Aspirin + Omeprazole for gastric protection, NSAIDS, Colchicine and Glucocorticoids

Pericardial Stripping

Contraindicated: Anti-coagulants

Question 11

Beck’s Triad

Answer 11

Muffled Heart Sounds
Jugular Venous Distention
Hypotension

Question 12

Fluid necessary to produce Cardiac Tamponade

Answer 12

As small as 200ml when the fluid develops rapidly (acute) to as much as >2000ml in slowly developing effusions (chronic)

Question 13

Treatment for Cardiac Tamponade

Answer 13

Emergency Echo-guided Pericardiocentesis

Subxiphoid Thoracotomy

Pericardial Window Replacement

Pericardiectomy or Pericardial Stripping