Cerebrum

Question 1

motor areas

Answer 1

voluntary motor functions, areas that innervate skeletal muscle

Question 2

sensory areas

Answer 2

conscious awareness of sensation

Question 3

association areas

Answer 3

integrating diverse information for purposeful action

Question 4

cerebellum

Answer 4

unconscious awareness of sensation

Question 5

frontal lobe

Answer 5

contains voluntary motor functions and areas of language, planning/mood/personality, social judgement and smell

Question 6

what are the areas of the frontal lobe?

Answer 6

superior frontal gyrus
middle frontal gyrus
inferior frontal gyrus

Question 7

what are the areas of the inferior frontal gyrus?

Answer 7

opercular gyrus
triangular gyrus
orbital gyrus

Question 8

precentral gyrus

Answer 8

just superiorly to the central sulcus. consists of the primary motor cortex

Question 9

somatotopy in the primary motor cortex

Answer 9

consists of the motor homunculus. area for each region is proportional to the amount of motor control over that region

Question 10

primary motor cortex

Answer 10

controls skilled voluntary movements of skeletal muscles. motor innervation is contralateral

Question 11

premotor cortex

Answer 11

controls learnt motor skills, coordinates the movement and is involved in planning of the movment.

Question 12

damage to the premotor cortex

Answer 12

impairs learnt functions

Question 13

supplementary and cingulate motor area

Answer 13

incharge of speech. they receive inputs from other cortical areas and the thalamus

Question 14

damage to the supplementary and cingulate areas

Answer 14

loss of desired skilled movement and speech

Question 15

prefrontal cortex

Answer 15

has an extensive connection with the other lobes. it is involved with intellect, complex learning abilities, recall and personality.

Question 16

damage to the prefrontal cortex

Answer 16

mental and personality disorders

Question 17

parietal lobe

Answer 17

contains areas for sensory reception and integration of sensory information

Question 18

postcentral gyrus

Answer 18

posterior to the central sulcus. it is the primary somatosensory cortex.

Question 19

superior parietal lobule

Answer 19

separated by the intraparietal sulcus. it is the somatosensory association cortex

Question 20

somatosensory association cortex

Answer 20

integrates different sensory inputs relays via the primary somatosensory cortex to produce a comprehensive understanding of the position of ht limbs, location of touch or pain, and characteristics of an object

Question 21

damage to the somatosensory association cortex

Answer 21

the brain is unable to recognise objects without looking directly at them

Question 22

areas of the parietal lobe

Answer 22

postcentral gyrus
superior parietal lobule
inferior parietal lobule
supramarginal gyrus
angular gyrus

Question 23

occipital lobe

Answer 23

the visual center of the brain

Question 24

areas of the occipital lobe

Answer 24

primary visual cortex

visual association cortex

Question 25

primary visual cortex

Answer 25

the gyri forming the walls of the calcarine sulcus

Question 26

visual association cortex

Answer 26

communicates with the primary visual cortex and interprets visual stimuli

Question 27

temporal lobe

Answer 27

contains areas for hearing, smell, learning, memory and emotional behaviour

Question 28

superior temporal sulcus

Answer 28

separates the superior temporal gyrus from the middle gyrus by the

Question 29

inferior temporal sulcus

Answer 29

separates the inferior temporal gyrus from the middle gyrus by the

Question 30

areas of the temporal lobe

Answer 30

superior temporal gyrus
middle temporal gyrus
inferior temporal gyrus
uncus
amygdala
fornix
hippocampus
parahippocampal gyrus
septum pellucidum

Question 31

insular lobe

Answer 31

possibly linked to emotion, homeostasis, cognition, perception and self-awareness

Question 32

Wernicke’s area

Answer 32

auditory association area. it is in charge of perception of sound stimulus stores memories of sound and is involved in the language process. it permits recognition of spoken language and written langauage and creates a plan of speech.

Question 33

damage to Wernicke’s area

Answer 33

fluent aphasia. speech is normal and excessive but makes little sense

Question 34

primary auditory cortex

Answer 34

is sensitive to pitch, rhythm and loudness

Question 35

Broca’s area

Answer 35

motor speech area. the opercular and triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus. this area generates the motor program for the larynx, tongue, cheeks and lips involved in speech production. it is present only in the dominant hemisphere

Question 36

Damage to Broca’s area

Answer 36

nonfluent aphasia. slow speech, difficulty choosing words