Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOLOGY12A (1ST SEM) > CELL AND CELL THEORY > Flashcards

CELL AND CELL THEORY Flashcards

1
Q

What is the smallest unit that can perform all life processes?

A

CELL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

He was known as the “Father of Microscopy”
He discovered the animacules after observing a pond scum under the microscope.
He also discovered bacteria in 1676

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

He was known as the “English Father of Microscopy”
He wrote and published Michrographia
He was also the one who coined the term ‘Cell’ which means small rooms in Latin.

A

Robert Hooke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What did Robert Hooke observe that led him to coin the term ‘cell’?

A

Cork

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

He was a German botanist who discovered that all plants were made up of cells.

A

Matthias Schleiden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A German zoologist who concluded that all animals were made up of cells.

A

Theodore Schwann

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A pathologist who discovered that all living cells just actually came from other existing cells.

A

Rudolph Virchow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is in plant cell that is not found in an animal cell?

A

Plant cell has:

  1. cell wall
  2. chloroplast (photosynthesis)
  3. plasmodesmata ( spaces in between the cell wall)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is in animal cell that is not found in a plant cell?

A

the presence of:

  1. centrioles
  2. lysosomes
  3. centrosomes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

This facilitates the entry and exit of substances and is part of the endomembrane system despite being outside of the cell.

A

Plasma Membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When was Theodore Schwann born and when did he die?

A

Dec. 7, 1810 - Jan. 11, 1882

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

This is for the nutrient and messaging purposes which can be found in the nucleus, particularly in the nuclear envelope.

A

Nuclear pores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the theories under the Cell theory?

A
  1. All living things are made up of cells.
  2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
  3. Living cells arise from existing cells.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The no. of cells for PROKARYOTES is called?

A

Unicellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The no. of cells for EUKARYOTES?

A

Multicellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the presence of nucleus for Eukaryotes?

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the presence of nucleus for Prokaryotes?

A

Nucleoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the membrane structure for Prokaryotes?

A

Not membrane bound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the membrane structure for Eukaryotes?

A

Membrane bound

20
Q

What is the shape of chromosomes for Prokaryotes?

A

Circular chromosomes

21
Q

What is the shape of chromosomes for Eukaryotes?

A

Linear chromosomes

22
Q

What is the main difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes?

A

The presence of nucleus.

23
Q

This is the most prominent organelle, which directs the synthesis of ribosomes and protein.

A

Nucleus

24
Q

This cites the DNA replication and transcription. It directs the synthesis of ribosomes.

A

Nucleolus

25
Q

What do you call the outermost layer of the nucleus?

A

Nuclear envelope

26
Q

___ is the DNA and proteins that make up the chromosomes.

A

Chromatin

27
Q

These are the ‘separate’ pieces of DNA in a cell, made up of chromatin.

A

Chromosomes.

28
Q

These are identical pieces of DNA held together by a centromere and pulled apart during cell division?

A

(Sister) Chromatids

29
Q

This is responsible for the protein synthesis. This synthesizes the mRNA (the message from the nucleus) in order to create essential proteins for cells or neighboring cells via cellular transport.

A

Ribosomes

30
Q

This is known as the powerhouse of the cell (cellular respiration)

A

Mitchondria

31
Q

What term is referred to the inner folds of Mitochondria?

A

Cristae

32
Q

What term is used to refer the outer folds of Mitochondria?

A

Mitochondrial matrix

33
Q

Mitochondria is responsible for ? (cite 3)

A

oxidation, dehydration, and oxidative phosphorylation

34
Q

What happens during the biological oxidation of carbohydrates and proteins? Explain.

A

There is a large amount of energy released, which is then utilized by the Mitochondria to synthesize the energy rich compound known as ATP or the adenosine triphosphate.

35
Q

This breaks down the fatty acids and amino acids. This also help detoxify poison out from our body.

A

Peroxisomes

36
Q

During the oxidation reaction of Peroxisomes, what is released?

A

Hydrogen peroxide

37
Q

What do you call the digestive enzyme in the cell that is responsible for digesting excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, or engulfed viruses or bacteria?

A

Lysosomes

38
Q

This store, transport, or digest cells products and waste.

A

Vesicles (plasma membrane)

39
Q

This is a fluid-filled organelle that stores enzymes and metabolic waste.

A

Vacuole

40
Q

This is is a series of compartments that work together to package, label, and ship.

A

Endomembrane system

41
Q

Endomembrane system is made up of what?

A
  • endoplasmic reticulum

- golgi apparatus

42
Q

This is a series of connected flattened sacs which is part of the continuous membrane organelle within the cytoplams of eukaryotic cells that plays a central role in protein synthesis.

A

ROUGH Endoplasmic Reticulum

43
Q

Its main function is to create cellular products such as hormones and lipids.

A

SMOOTH Endoplasmic Reticulum

44
Q

Its main function is to process and bundle macromolecules like proteins and lipids as they synthesize within the cell.

A

Golgi apparatus

45
Q

This gives the cell its shape, offers support, and facilitates movement.

A

Cytoskeleton

46
Q

What are the three main components of the Cytoskeleton?

A
  • microfilaments
  • intermediate filaments
  • mictorubules

BIOLOGY12A (1ST SEM) (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions