Chapters 1-3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Diffrence between eukaryotic and prokayotic

A

Eukaryotic has a nucleus prokaryotics dont

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2
Q

Emergent properties

A

specific properties put together (example the heart is made of smaller things)

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3
Q

Domain VS. animal kingdom

A

A domain is a larger group that includes multiple kindoms

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4
Q

Inductive VS. Deductive

A

Inductive- smaller things /deductive-making a conclusion of knowledge(taking larger things and breaking them down.

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5
Q

Four elements that make up 96% of the body

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

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6
Q

polarity

A

Unequal distribution of electrons that causes a positive charged end and negative charge end

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7
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

a non-covalent weak bond

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8
Q

Specific heat

A

Moderates air temperature (the amount of energy needed to make one unit of mass of a substance one degree warmer)

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9
Q

Heat of vaporization

A

amount of energy added to convert a liquid to a gas

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10
Q

Evaporation cooling

A

When air is cooled down to a comfortable temperature because of water evaporation

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11
Q

Why does ice float in water?

A

lattice arrangements allow molecules in ice to be further apart making ice less dense than water and allowing it to float.

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12
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Likes water

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13
Q

hydrophobic

A

scared of water

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14
Q

Which ions are acidic and a base?

A

Hydrogen ion(H+)=acidic /more of a hydroxide ion(HO-) =base

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15
Q

What is a buffer

A

resist changes in pH levels

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16
Q

Organic chemistry

A

life is made of mostly carbon (carbon compounds)

17
Q

dehydration synthesis

A

creation of larger molecules from smaller monomers

18
Q

fatty acids

A

a carboxylic acid made up of hydrogen/carboxylic/carbon sugar

19
Q

saturated

A

saturated with hydrogen

20
Q

unsaturated

A

double bonds that result in not enough hydrogen

21
Q

what type of lipid is cholesterol

A

lipid/protein

22
Q

polypetides

A

short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

23
Q

what type of bond is formed within amino acids

A

peptide bonds

24
Q

4 levels of protein structure

A
  1. beads /2.helix /3. mixture of 1 and 2. 3. groups of structure 3
25
Q

denatured protein

A

hydrogen bonds are broken by chemical action/heat

26
Q

Two types of nucleic acids? How do they work together?

A

DNA and RNA. They store and transmit genetic info

27
Q

Purines vs. pyrimidines

A

Purines- A and G pyrimidines- C and T

28
Q

DNA Structure

A

double helix (antiparralel)

29
Q

three main parts of DNA nucleotide?

A

Nitrogen/ Phosphate/ Carbon based sugar

30
Q

RNA VS. DNA

A

RNA contains the sugar ribosome while DNA contains another one

  • DNA has A RNA has U
  • RNA lacks methyl groups
31
Q

10 levels of hierarchy-smallest to biggest

A

molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere.

32
Q

Three domains

A

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

33
Q

what is hydrogen bonding

A

the attraction between a hydrogen and electro-negative a atom

34
Q

Why does water have cohesion

A

Negative and positive charges in water attract each othe r

35
Q

What is a calorie

A

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C;

36
Q

hydration shell

A

The sphere of water molecules around each dissolved Ion.

37
Q

Molarity

A

he amount of a substance in a certain volume of solution.

38
Q

function of carbohydrates

A

provide energy to the body

39
Q

funtion of protein

A

required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.