Definitions 1,2,3 Flashcards
Nutrient
Any chemical, compound or element in the diet that supports normal maintenance of life processes (growth, reproduction, productions of products, work)
Macronutrient
nutrients required in relatively large quantities
Micronutrient
nutrients required in relatively small quantities
Essential
element/compound required in the diet that CANNOT be synthesized by the animal
Non-essential (dispensable)
can be synthesized by the animal from precusors
Conditionally essential
essential under certain conditions (gestation, lactation, age)
Digestion
chemical or physical changes to particles size or structure in the GI tract to prepare it for absorption
Absorption
passage of molecules from the lumen of the GI tract though the intestinal cells, into blood or lymph systems
Herbivore
consumes plant matter as primary component of diet
Carnivore
consumes animal tissue
Omnivore
consumes a variety of food sources, including plant matter and animal tissue
Ruminant
mammal with four chambered stomach, uses microbial fermentation of plant material in a specialized chamber of stomach PRIOR to digestion
Monogastric
animal with simple stomach
Non-Ruminant Herbivore
animal with simple stomach, but obtains energy and some nutrients though hindgut fermentation using microbes
Electrolyte
Ions in body fluids that carry a charge and are involved in regulating osmotic, electrochemical and acid-base balance in the body
