5 Homeostasis and responce - Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

Define ‘homeostasis’.

A

Maintainence of a constant internal environment relatively stable at optimum conditions through negative feedback

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2
Q

Name three key internal conditions that need to be controlled through homeostasis.

A

Temperature; Water levels; Blood glucose level

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3
Q

Name the cell type that detects stimuli in the internal or external environment.

A

Receptor

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4
Q

Name the component in the nervous system that processes the stimuli information.

A

Coordination centre

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5
Q

Name the component in the nervous system that bring about responses to stimuli.

A

Effectors

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6
Q

State the function of a neurone.

A

Transmit electrical impulses

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7
Q

Name the type of neurone that carries impulses to the central nervous system.

A

Sensory neurone

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8
Q

Name the type of neurone that carries impulses away from the central nervous system.

A

Motor neurone

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9
Q

Name two types of effectors.

A

Muscle; Glands

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10
Q

Name the two coordination centres that make up the central nervous system.

A

Brain + Spinal cord

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11
Q

Where is the cell body found in the sensory neurone?

A

Along/On the neurone fibre

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12
Q

Where is the cell body found in the motor neurone?

A

At the beginning of the motor neurone

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13
Q

Name one factor that may affect human reaction time.

A

Energy or sugary drinks/Practise beforehand/drugs etc.

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14
Q

What are reflex actions?

A

Automatic and rapid actions that do not involve the conscious parts of the brain to protect us

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15
Q

Name the three types of neurones that are involved in coordinating reflexes.

A

Sensory, relay, motor neurones

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16
Q

Where is the relay neurone found in a reflex arc?

A

Spinal cord

17
Q

Illustrate the reflex pathway in a flowchart, showing all the components involved.

A

(Stimulus –>) Receptor –> Sensory neurone –> Relay neurone –> Motor neurone –> Effector (–> Response)

18
Q

What are synapses?

A

The junction/physical gap between neurones

19
Q

How is information passed through the synapse?

A

Neurotransmitters/Chemicals are released, which diffuse across the synapse to the receptor sites on the next neurone