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Informatics > Informatics 3b- Hardware and Software > Flashcards

Informatics 3b- Hardware and Software Flashcards

1
Q

information literacy

A
  • identify information needed
  • locate pertinent information
  • evaluate information
  • apply information correctly
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2
Q

information/hardware

A
  • understanding where information comes from, what it represents, and how it is generated, ensures that a healthcare professional will maximize that information resource
  • understanding hardware technology ensures the healthcare professional that the company’s processing will deliver information
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3
Q

information system

A
  • purpose:
  • to automate- make to make your life simple -> after 3 clicks there is something wrong -> notify when something is wrong
  • to control- what the user sees, how much, and what you need to see -> access
  • to simplify
  • to maximize productivity- get info quicker, treat quick, get them out

-gathers raw data and processes it into useable information

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4
Q

purpose of information system components

A
  • purpose:
  • output
  • application
  • human- makes the mistakes
  • end user classification- people that use it
  • information specialist classification- people that train
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5
Q

information system components: hardware

A
  • computer group- networks, computers

- peripherals group- printers, monitors

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6
Q

information system components: data

A
  • storage methodology

- elements

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7
Q

information system components: software

A
  • operation component

- business logic component

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8
Q

shortcuts

A
  • lead to mistakes

- if something goes wrong and you only know the shortcut you dont have a backup solution (the long way)

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9
Q

purpose of components

A
  • transactions- HL7
  • information- structured information
  • knowledge
  • support
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10
Q

data

A

unstructured information

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11
Q

hardware component

A
  • computer-
  • CPU or processor- the brains
  • primary storage
  • secondary storage
  • peripheral (input and output devices)
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12
Q

history of computer

A
  • ENIAC 1946 the electronic numerical integrator and calculator
  • first computer
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13
Q

special purpose computers

A
  • supercomputer- mind-blowing, artificial intelligence, very powerful, bioinformatics
  • mainframes- centralized, dumb terminal connected, 1:1 ratio
  • workstation- powerful, CPU, hardware, $$
  • personal computer
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14
Q

servers

A
  • powerful machines that serve many users and handle many transactions
  • allows many users, many transaction, many programs at the same time
  • combines everything
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15
Q

digital devices

A
  • data representation
  • represented by combinations of ones and off- 0’d and 1’s
  • ex. digital clock, digital thermometer
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16
Q

analog devices

A
  • data represented
  • measures continuous physical property or quantity
  • ex. face clock, mercury thermometer
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17
Q

digital points of reference: conversions***

A
  • test*
  • 1,024 bytes = 1 kilobyte (1k)
  • 1,024 kilobyte = 1 megabyte (1 meg)
  • 1,024 megabytes = 1 gigabyte (1 gig)
  • 1,024 gigabyte = 1 terabyte
  • in health care we deal with terabytes
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18
Q

Digital points of reference: disks sizes

A
  • floppy disk
  • hard disk- spins, expensive, fragile
  • CD-ROM
  • DVD-ROM
  • mainframe / server hard disk arrays
19
Q

Central processing unit

A
  • CPU
  • 3 majors components (only need to know 2)
  • arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)- speaks in numbers, math, calculations
  • control unit- controls the CPU, where the data is going
20
Q

primary storage

A
  • a device on your computer that stores all of your applications such as operating system, word, excel, access, etc.
  • can be erased
  • RAM
  • hard drives*
  • USB
21
Q

erased

A
  • primary storage
  • RAM
  • hard drives
  • USB
  • magnetic field can erase it
  • permanent damage
22
Q

RAM

A
  • primary storage
  • memory (DRAM) is a component in your computer that allows your system to perform many of its everyday tasks, such as load applications, browse the web, edit a spreadsheet in excel, or experience the realism of the latest game
  • memory is what allows your computer to perform its basic functions
  • as a general rule -> more memory you have the better
  • quicker route -> memorizes stuff so you dont have to go to the hard drive
  • volatile
  • RAM > hard drive
  • chip
  • temporally stores
  • allows you to open a bunch of browsers at once
  • more maneuvering
  • once you shut off the computer it erases the RAM -> starts over
23
Q

secondary storage/memory

A
  • cannot be erased

- ROM

24
Q

ROM

A
  • after the computer is on the ROM is useless
  • Memory is what allows your computer to perform its basic function
  • As a general rule, the more memory you have, the better
  • helps turn on the computer
  • like the key to a car
25
Q

open/closed architecture

A
  • allows you to add devices
  • system board contains expansion slots in which you can plug expansion boards for additional hardware
  • closed architecture- everything is built in and cant be changed -> laptop
  • open architecture- can change parts and upgrade it -> desktop
  • ex. sound card, graphics card
26
Q

RPM

A
  • RPM- revolutions per minute
  • storage
  • more spins -> faster -> but more heat
  • more heat -> greater chance of failure
27
Q

why are laptops more expensive

A

-smaller parts

28
Q

inputs

A
  • 2 types
  • input and output
  • microphone -> input- you must put information in
  • speaker- output
  • CD ROM or DVD- input
  • CD-RW (rewritable)- input and output -> you can put information in and out
  • touch screen monitor- input output
  • document scanner- input
  • mouse- input
29
Q

fiber optic signal

A

-light

30
Q

computer connectivity

A
  • wired networks
  • wireless networks
  • modems
  • router
31
Q

wireless network -> slowest to fastest

A

-A, B, C, G, N, X

32
Q

wired network -> fastest to slowest

A

-fiber optic, coaxial, CAT-5, DSL, RJ45

33
Q

operating systems

A
  • way we explain information

- provide file, display, networking, etc. services to users and programmers

34
Q

programmers

A
  • standard interface
  • avoids “reinventing the wheel”
  • file access, display, network connection, etc.
  • not smart- they just put things on screens
35
Q

users

A
  • smart
  • make things happen
  • file management, maintenance, utilities
36
Q

windows

A

-graphical user interface (GUI)

37
Q

Macintosh

A
  • original GUI

- apple

38
Q

unix

A
  • workstation oriented
  • linux is a derivative gaining ground
  • heavy duty operating system
  • impressive- barely goes down
  • robust
39
Q

network system

A
  • user accessibility

- control

40
Q

novell

A

-operation system for networks

41
Q

computer software applications

A
  • everyday apps we always use
  • word processing
  • spreadsheets
  • database management system (DBMS)
  • bibliographic management programs
  • presentation programs
  • graphic programs
  • email applications
  • web browser software
  • web authoring program
42
Q

data management software

A
  • data files

- databases

43
Q

database

A
  • file cabinet
  • organization
  • labels
44
Q

summary

A
  • new innovations in computer applications will help manage health information
  • technology has advanced compared to the first generation of computers
  • healthcare professionals should be computer literate

Informatics (15 decks)

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