Mod 3.1 Female Reproductive anatomy

Question 1

Label the female repro tract

Answer 1

Question 2

What is the function of the vulva?

Answer 2

• Supports multiple functions
  
  • Sexual function and pleasure
  • Vaginal protection
  • Withstand irritation of urine, feces, and menstrual fluids
  • Strong tissues
    
    • Remarkably withstands vaginal birth - heals rapidly

Question 3

What is the vulva?

Answer 3

Outer portion of the lower genital structures

Question 4

What is the vestibule?

Answer 4

Transition zone between vulva and vagina

Question 5

Label the female external genitalia

Answer 5

A. Clitoris

B. Vestibule

C. Skene’s gland (analogous to prostate in males)

D. Bartholin’s glands (analogous to bulbourethral glands)

E. Anus

F. Urethral opening

G. Labia minora

H. Labia majora

I. Hymen

J. Vaginal opening

Question 6

Which gland in females is analogous to the prostate gland in males?

Answer 6

Skene’s gland

Question 7

Which female gland is analogous to the bulbourethral glands in males?

Answer 7

Bartholin’s glands

Question 8

What are functions of the Mons and Labia?

Answer 8

• Support sexual pleasure
• Protection of vestibule
• Labia majora
  
  • Contain fatty tissue
• Labia minora
  
  • Contain erectile tissue
  • Forms clitoral hood and frenulum

Question 9

Which part of the external genitalia contains erectile tissue and forms the clitoral hood and frenulum?

Answer 9

Labia minora

Question 10

Which part of the clitoris is visible?G

Answer 10

Glans clitoris

Question 11

Label the clitoris

Answer 11

A. Vaginal opening

B. Crus clitoris

C. Bulb of vestibule

D. Corpus Cavernosum

E. Glans clitoris

F. Clitoral shaft

G. Corpus cavernosum

H. Bulb of vestibule

I. Crus clitoris

Question 12

Mucosa in the vagina forms _______ (folds)

Answer 12

Mucosa in the vagina forms rugae (folds)

Question 13

What concept is important for the continuous production of vaginal discharge?

Answer 13

Starling equilibrium

(The Starling Principle states that fluid movements between blood and tissues are determined by differences in hydrostatic and colloid osmotic (oncotic) pressures between plasma inside microvessels and fluid outside them.)

Question 14

What determines the consistency of the mucous produced by the cervix?

Answer 14

Hormonal control

Question 15

Label the internal genitalia

Answer 15

A. Fimbriae - guide newly ovulated ova into fallopian tubes

B. Ampulla - site of fertilization

C. Fallopian (uterine) tube / oviduct - lined with ciliated epithelium

D. Ovary

E. Uterus

F. Ovary

G. Cervix

H. Vagina

I. opening of fallopian tube

Question 16

Where is the site of implantation?

Answer 16

Uterus

Question 17

What are the three layers of the uterus?

Answer 17

1. perimetrium
   
   • consists of a superficial layer of mesothelium, and a thin layer of loose connective tissue beneath it
   • Serosal layer - produces secretions
2. Myometrium
   
   • middle layer
   • Smooth muscle
3. Endometrium
   
   • thickens under estrogen control

Question 18

What structure forms the “neck of the uterus”?

Answer 18

The cervix

Question 19

How does the cervical os change with childbirth?

Answer 19

Before childbirth - Cervical os is circular

After parturition - Cervical os is a thin line