Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

x.FSCN 4612W > Ch. 2 > Flashcards

Ch. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The DRI recommendations for macronutrients and micronutrients include ____________

A

four different sets of reference values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

references used to evaluate the nutrient intake of _____, meet the needs of ___ of people in the same gender and life-stage group

A

populations; Estimated Average Requirements (EARs), 50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

reference that can be used as goals for ______ intake and to plan or evaluate ____ diets

A

individual, individual; Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and Adequate Intakes (AIs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

references that recommend a limit above which nutrient toxicities are more likely, maximum without risks

A

Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RDA values are ___ than the EARs bc they __________-

A

higher, meet the needs of nearly all individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the DRIs make recommendations for the proportions of carbohydrate, fat, and protein that make up a healthy diet expressed as ranges/proportions is called _________, expressed as ___ (usually)

A

Acceptable Macronutrent Distribution Ranges (AMDRs); percentage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

recommendations for energy intake (kcal) needed to ensure a stable weight in a healthy individual are called __________

A

Estimated Energy Requirements (EERs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MyPlate recommendation: fruit

A

2 cups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MyPlate recommendation: veggies

A

2.5 cups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

MyPlate recommendation: grains

A

6 oz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

MyPlate recommendation: protein

A

5.5 oz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MyPlate recommendation: dairy

A

3 cups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

MyPlate recommended limits: sodium

A

2300mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MyPlate recommended limits: saturated fat

A

22g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MyPlate recommended limits: added sugar

A

50g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

nutrition guideline published in 1956. what were the food groups?

A

The Basic Four; milk, meat, veggies/fruit, breads/cereal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

nutrition guideline published in 1992. what were the food groups (6)?

A

Food Guide Pyramid; bread/cereal, fruit group, veggie group, meat/poultry, milk/yogurt, fats/oils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

nutrition guideline published in 2005; added an _____ component not seen in previous. what were the food groups?

A

MyPyramid; exercise; grains, veggies, fruit, milk, oils, meat/beans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

nutrition guideline introduced in 2011; what were the food groups? what’s important to note?

A

MyPlate; fruits, veggies, grains, protein, dairy; current guideline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

DRIs address…

A
  • excess consumption

- nutrient deficiencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) breakdown (2)

A

Nutrient intake recommendations, energy intake recommendations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

types of nutrient intake recommendations (4)

A
  • estimated average requirement (EAR)
  • recommended dietary allowance (RDA)
  • adequate intake (AI)
  • tolerable upper intake level (UL)
23
Q

types of energy intake recommendations (2)

A
  • estimated energy requirement (EER)

- Acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR)

24
Q

DRIs have been developed for __ nutrient groups. what are they?

A

six. ..
- Ca, P, Mg, vitamin D, F
- B vitamins and choline
- Vit C, Vit E, selenium, beta-carotene
- energy/macronutrients
- electrolytes and H2O

25
Q

Dietary Guidelines for Americans/evidence-based recommendations are updated every ___ years; book has 2015-2020, and we (do/do not) have current recommendations

A

five, do have current

26
Q

the amount of a nutrient in a food shown as a percentage of the recommendation for a person consuming a 2000kcal diet

A

Daily Value

27
Q

___% = Daily Value low in a nutrient

A

<5%

28
Q

___% = Daily Value high in a nutrient

A

> 20%

29
Q

food labels list amounts of certain _____ expressed as a ____

A

macro-/micro-nutrient; Daily Value

30
Q

Nutrition Label updates (4) (see slide)

A
  • serving size = better reflection of what people actually eat
  • Daily Value % updated
  • includes added sugar
  • nutrients considered “at-risk” for American diets included
31
Q

ingredients list ordered by ____ in ____

A

prominence, weight

32
Q

mark that meets certain manufacturing practices for dietary supplements; (does/does not) mean it’s necessarily “good”; supplements don’t need to by approved by ___

A

USP verified; does not; FDA

33
Q

three types of claims on labels

A
  • nutrient content claim
  • health claim
  • structure/function claim
34
Q

in a nutrient content claim, ____ means a product must contain 25% less of a nutrient or energy than the regular product

A

reduced

35
Q

example of a health claim (in a label claim)

A

sodium intake/risk of high BP

36
Q

example of a structure/function claim

A

fiber maintains bowel regularity

37
Q

four methods to assess dietary intake

A
  • 24 hour recall
  • food diary or food intake record
  • food frequency questionnaire
  • diet history
38
Q

method to assess diet that relies on participants memory, typically conducted over phone, used in large cohorts; considered ____

A

24 hour recall, reliable

39
Q

method to assess diet that is a real-time meal consumption record, considered ____ and ____ (due to changing diet knowing participants are recording it)

A

food diary/food intake record, reliable, unreliable at times

40
Q

method to assess diet that are used to look at food intake patterns, inexpensive, used in research

A

food frequency questionnaire

41
Q

method to assess diet that is used alongside intake record to look at food patterns (ex: look at cooking habits)

A

diet history

42
Q

nutrient deficiency (takes/does not take) time to develop

A

takes time

43
Q

nutrient analysis tools can include…

A

MyPlate, food labels, nutrient content tables, computer programs

44
Q

in addition to nutrient intake, info about an individual’s ________ is needed, such as _________

A

physical health; anthropometric (height/weight), medical history, lab measurements

45
Q

stages of nutrient intake

A
  1. inadequate intake
  2. decreased stores/tissue levels
  3. altered biochemical and physiological functions
  4. physical signs/symptoms of deficiency
46
Q

assessment tools for (1) inadequate intake

A
  • dietary evaluation

- med history/lab tests

47
Q

assessment tools for (2) decreased stores/tissue levels

A
  • Lab tests

- Anthropometric

48
Q

assessment tools for (3) altered biochemical and physiological functions

A

lab tests

49
Q

assessment tools for (4) physical signs/symptoms of deficiency

A

physical exam and anthropometrics

50
Q

nutritional assessment of population tool

A
  • monitor food supply (overestimated, interviews helpful)

- surveillance studies (NHANES)

51
Q

Assessments conducted through NHANES

A
  • 24 hour recall
  • nutrition-related interview
  • anthropometric measurements
  • lab measurements
  • clinical assessments
52
Q

choice/exchange foods have the same amount of ____

A

kcal

53
Q

qualified health claims must…

A

have a statement of explanation

x.FSCN 4612W (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions