Biological molecules

Question 1

The Chemical elements for : 
Carbohydrates
lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids

Answer 1

C, H and O for carbohydrates

C, H and O for lipids

C, H, O, N and S for proteins

C, H, O, N and P for nucleic acids

Question 2

what simple sugars make up:
Sucrose
Maltose
Lactose

Answer 2

sucrose - Glucose + fructose
Maltose- Glucose + Glucose
Lactose- Galactose + Glucose

Question 3

what’s an isomer ?

Answer 3

2 or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of the atoms in the molecule and different properties

Question 4

Define Glyosidic bond

Answer 4

when 2 monosaccharides join together via a covalent bond through condensation

Question 5

General formula of carbohydrates

Answer 5

Cn(H2O)n - for every carbon and oxygen there is 2 hydrogen atoms

Question 6

what 2 polysaccharides make up starch

Answer 6

amylose and amylopectin

Question 7

Bonds in amylose and amylopectin

Answer 7

Amylose- 1,4

Amylopectin- 1,4 and 1,6

Question 8

Structure of amylose and amlopectin

Answer 8

Amylose- A long chain of alpha-glucose molecules joined by 1-4 glyosidic bonds, which coils into a helix shape
Amylopectin- Amylose just joined with many branches o amylose, these branches are a 1,6 glyosidic bond.

Question 9

Where is Glycogen found ?

Answer 9

Found in animals in cells with high metabolic rate eg : Liver cells and Muscle cells

Question 10

what is a macromolecule ?

Answer 10

A very large molecule, contains over 1000 or more atoms, hence a high molecular mass.

Question 11

What’s the name of the covalent bond in :
Lipids
carbohydrates
Proteins

Answer 11

Lipids- Esters
Carbohydrates- Glyosidic
Proteins- Peptides