neuro Flashcards
In facial palsies, which kind of neuron lesion ‘spares’ the forehead?
Upper motor neuron lesion
Give 3 causes of bilateral facial nerve palsy
- sarcoidosis
- GB syndrome
- Lyme disease
Give 3 causes of unilateral facial nerve palsy
- Bell’s palsy
- acoustic neuroma
- Stroke
Which area of the brain is likely to be affected if a patient experiences paraesthesia during a seizure?
Parietal lobe
What symptoms might someone have with a frontal lobe seizure? (3)
- head/leg movements
- post-ictal weakness
- posturing
What symptoms might someone have with a temporal lobe seizure? (3)
- hallucinations
- lip smacking
- deja vu
What is the first line treatment for parkinson’s patients with motor symptoms affecting their life?
Co-careldopa e.g. levodopa
Which class of drugs are most associated with inhibition disorders in treating Parkinsons?
Dopamine receptor agonist
e.g. ropinirole
How do you treat an acute migraine?
Triptan + NSAID + paracetamol
What is the prophylaxis for migraines?
propranolol
When should antiepileptic treatment be started?
After second epileptic seizure OR after 1st if:
- neurological deficit
- structural abnormality
- EEG shows epileptic activity
- risk considered unacceptable
What is the first line treatment for tonic- clonic seizures?
sodium valporate
What is the first line treatment for focal seizures?
carbamazepine
What is Cushing’s triad?
- widening pulse pressure
- bradycardia
- irregular breathing
What does Cushing’s triad indicate?
impending brain herniation as a result of raised ICP
