Chapter 1

Question 1

Study of behaviours and thoughts.

Answer 1

What is Psychology?

Question 2

This term is supported by hypotheses as a framework to predict future events.

Answer 2

What is a Theory?

Question 3

Cultivating a theory based on observations, and creating hypotheses to test the validity of a theory.

Answer 3

What is the Scientific Method?

Question 4

It means that a hypothesis must have the ability to be proved wrong.

Answer 4

What is Falsifiable?

Question 5

This model of behaviour explains our actions as a collective of biological, psychological, and social factors.

Answer 5

What is the Biopsychosocial Model?

Question 6

It means that the simplest answer is the one we should use.

Answer 6

What is the Principle of Parsimony?

Question 7

This viewpoint emphasizes that our knowledge comes from the observed experiences we go through.

Answer 7

What is Empiricism?

Question 8

This viewpoint states that all events are determined by a cause and effect relationship, such as gravity makes objects fall towards the Earth.

Answer 8

What is Determinism?

Question 9

This Ancient Greek was the Father of Medicine, and explained personality using four humours.

Answer 9

Who is Hippocrates?

Question 10

What are the four humours Hippocrates mentions?

Answer 10

Blood/Sanguine, Phlegm, Black Bile, Yellow Bile

Question 11

This term means “The Spirit of the Times”, or a collective set of beliefs held by a population at a certain time.

Answer 11

What is Zeitgeist?

Question 12

To say all things are comprised solely of physical matter, with no extrasensory workings like a soul, is a belief under this viewpoint.

Answer 12

What is Materialism?

Question 13

This viewpoint highlights non-physical properties working in tandem with the physical.

Answer 13

What is Dualism?

Question 14

This scholarly father introduced a study of psychology focusing on connecting the external world with our mental cognition.

Answer 14

Who is Gustav Fetchner, Father of Psychophysics?

Question 15

This naturalist created a theory that living creatures keep traits based on their means to help them survive, like a selection of sorts.

Answer 15

Who is Charles Darwin?

Question 16

This type of psychology is used to diagnose and treat mental health disorders.

Answer 16

What is Clinical Psychology?

Question 17

This pseudoscience was debunked in the 1840s, as health practitioners couldn’t locate all the mental organs on the scalp.

Answer 17

What is Phrenology?

Question 18

This man pioneered what would be an early placebo effect by getting people to go along with abnormal situations or believe in healing from ailments.

Answer 18

Who is Franz Mesmer?

Question 19

This controversial individual brought forth the idea that our subconscious influences our behaviours and personality known as psychoanalysis.

Answer 19

Who is Sigmund Freud?

Question 20

This Greek scholar thought the life of man began as “Tabula Rasa”, or a blank slate.

Answer 20

Who is Aristotle?

Question 21

This early pioneer sought to explain how the non-physical could affect the physical, and found his answer with the pineal gland.

Answer 21

Who is Rene Descartes?

Question 22

Although this individual brought the idea of Nature and Nurture into a psychological view, he is now more known behind the idea of eugenics.

Answer 22

Who is Francis Galton?

Question 23

This father of Contemporary Psychology started the technique of introspection to explain human behaviour.

Answer 23

Who is Wilhelm Wundt?

Question 24

This psychologist looked at the conscious experience and organized it into elements, in what’s known as Structuralism.

Answer 24

Who is Edward Titchener?

Question 25

This concept focuses solely on the external events and how they condition our behaviours.

Answer 25

What is Behaviourism?

Question 26

This scientist famously used dogs and bells to condition responses and behaviours.

Answer 26

Who is Ivan Pavlov?

Question 27

This psychologist took behaviourism as the only concept that mattered and revolutionized marketing with his ideals.

Answer 27

Who is John B. Watson?

Question 28

This scientist used punishments and rewards to change behaviours, quite radical for the times!

Answer 28

Who is B.F. Skinner?

Question 29

This type of psychology focuses on how our social groups influence our behaviours.

Answer 29

What is Social Psychology?

Question 30

This scientist created the principle of mass action, where the size of brain damage equals the amount of impairment.

Answer 30

Who is Karl Lashley?

Question 31

This law states that if nerve cells fire simultaneously, then they are more likely to wire memories together.

Answer 31

What is Hebb’s Law?