Structure and Function Lecture Qs Part 2

Question 1

what are odland bodies (lamellar granules)

Answer 1

small granular membrane bound vacules in cytoplasm of keratinocytes
associated with storage and release of lipid precursors

Question 2

what is filaggrin degraded to? what 2 functions do these products serve?

Answer 2

urocanic acid and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid

hydrates the stratum corneum and blocks UV radiation

Question 3

which layer of the skin contains keratohyaline granules? what do the granules contain?

Answer 3

stratum granulosum
profilaggrin, keratin, loricrin
results in soft, flexible keratin

Question 4

keratins make up type __ and type __ intermediate filaments

Answer 4

type 1 and type 2

Question 5

once keratinocytes flatten and reach the granular layer, they lose nuclei and extrude all cellular contents except what 2 components?

Answer 5

keratin and filaggrin

Question 6

the distal nail matrix is formed by what plate and the proximal nail matrix is formed by what plate

Answer 6

distal = ventral plate
proximal = dorsal plate

Question 7

growth rate of fingernails and toenails

Answer 7

fingernails = 0.1mm/day (4-6 mo to regrow nail)
toenails = 0.03 mm/day (12-18 mo to replace nail)

Question 8

content of sebum

Answer 8

glycerides, wax esters, squalene

Question 9

sebaceous glands of penis, nipple, oral mucosa

Answer 9

penis = tyson glands
nipple = montgomery tubicles
oral mucosa = fordyce spots

Question 10

growth rate of hair

Answer 10

0.37 mm/day

Question 11

first layer of inner root sheath to be cornified

Answer 11

henle

Question 12

layers of hair bulb from inner to outer

Answer 12

hair shaft (medulla, cortex, cuticle), inner root sheath (cuticle, huxley, henle), outer root sheath

Question 13

3 sections of hair follicle

Answer 13

infundibular segment (epidermis to sebaceous duct)
isthmus (sebaceous duct to arrector pili)
inferior segment (bulb, dermal papilla)

Question 14

eccrine gland stains

Answer 14

S100, CEA

Question 15

eccrine duct sections

Answer 15

acrosyringium
straight dermal portion
coiled secretory portion in panniculus

Question 16

where are glomus cells derived and what do they do

Answer 16

derived form susquet-hoyer canals
found between arterioles and venules
shunt blood and regulate temperature

Question 17

mast cell stains

Answer 17

toludine blue
methylene blue
giemsa
leder (good when cells have degranulated)

Question 18

macrophage receptor stains

Answer 18

S100, Factor 8a, CD68, CD163, CD25

Question 19

elastin stains

Answer 19

verhoeff-van Gieson
orcean
resorcin-fuchsin

Question 20

5 members of the plakin family

Answer 20

BPAg 1
desmoplakin
periplakin
envoplakin
plectin

Question 21

stem cell rich sites

Answer 21

rete ridges and hair bulbs

Question 22

sebaceous gland secretion

Answer 22

holocrine

Question 23

location of langerhans cells

Answer 23

stratum spinosum

Question 24

2 types of melanin pigment

Answer 24

eumelanin (brown/black)

pheomelanin (red/yellow)

Question 25

normal turnover of epidermis

Answer 25

26-28 days

Question 26

keratin of basal layer and upper stratum spinosum

Answer 26

basal layer: keratin 5 and 14

stratum spinosum: keratin 1 and 10

Question 27

type 1 and type 2 keratins (acid/base, chromosomes)

Answer 27

type 1: acidic, keratins 9-20 (ch 17)

type 2: basic, keratins 1-8 (ch12)