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Paramedic science > Biology Essentials - DNA synthesis > Flashcards

Biology Essentials - DNA synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

How many amino acids are there in humans?

A

21

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2
Q

What is an essential amino acid?

A

An amino acid not made or made in too low quantities in the body

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3
Q

What is a non-essential amino acid?

A

An amino acid produced in enough quantities the body

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4
Q

What is a polar amino acid?

A

.

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5
Q

What does an amino acid contain?

A

An amino group and carboxylic group

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6
Q

What is the primary protein shape?

A

The sequence of amino acids within a protein

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7
Q

What is the secondary protein shape?

A

.

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8
Q

What is the Tertiary protein shape?

A

the three dimensional shape of a protein

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9
Q

What is the Quaternary protein shape?

A

Quaternary structures exist in proteins with two or more polypeptide chains

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10
Q

What is a big factor that determines whether something will bind to a receptor site?

A

The shape

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11
Q

What determines the shape of a molecule?

A

The order of the linear amino acid chain

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12
Q

What is a polarity?

A

The distribution of electrical charge over the atoms joined by the bond

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13
Q

What determines where the amino acids are placed?

A

DNA, tRNA, mRNA

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14
Q

What does RNA do?

A

convert the information stored in DNA into proteins

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15
Q

How do polar amino acids react to water?

A

They are hydrophilic

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16
Q

How do non-polar amino acids react to water?

A

They are hydrophobic

17
Q

What is transcription?

A

The base sequence of the gene is copied into an mRNA template

18
Q

What is translation?

A

The mRNA attaches to a ribosome, then amino acids attach to the corresponding amino acids on the mRNA

19
Q

What is the structure of DNA?

A

A double-stranded molecule consisting of a long sequence of 4 types of nucleotides

20
Q

What are proteins?

A

Polymers of amino acids

21
Q

Where does transcription occur?

A

The nucleus

22
Q

Where does translation occur?

A

The cytoplasm

Paramedic science (24 decks)

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