9/23/21 Flashcards
Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis is also known as a __________________
hangman’s fracture
is a result of hyperextension of the neck resulting in fractures of the posterior elements of C2. It is generally sustained during a motor vehicle accident or headlong falls.
Toxin irreversibly bound to presynaptic membrane preventing acetylcholine release describes the pathophysiology of _________
botulism.
What two pulmonary function test parameters are most useful in measuring respiratory muscle strength in a patient with myasthenia gravis?
FVC- levels less than 10 to 15 mL/kg
NIF- levels less than -20 cm H2O
–> prompts intubation.
What medication (and dose) can be used to temporarily preserve patency of the ductus arteriosus?
Alprostadil (prostaglandin E1) 0.05–0.1 mcg/kg/min intravenously.
Ductal Dependent Lesions
- Transposition of the great vessels (most common cause in newborns)
- Tetralogy of Fallot (most common in children > 1 year old)
- Tricuspid atresia
- Interrupted aortic arch
- Coarctation of the aorta
- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- Presents with shock, “gray baby” within hours to days after birth
- Acute management: PGE1
The scuba diver presentation resembles alcohol intoxication with euphoria and poor judgment
nitrogen narcosis
This condition is rapidly reversible with ascent.
What is the treatment of magnesium toxicity?
Calcium.
A Colles fracture
- transverse fracture through the distal radius
- is dorsally displaced and angulated
- characteristic “dinner fork” deformity
- median nerve is the most commonly injured nerve
__________________ is also known as hangman’s fracture
Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis
A transverse fracture through the distal radius, which is dorsally displaced and angulated
A Colles fracture
The median nerve is the most commonly injured nerve
What is the name of a distal radius fracture with volar displacement and angulation?
Smith fracture.
A 65-year-old man with a history of alcoholic cirrhosis presents to the emergency department with sudden onset left arm weakness and facial droop. Which study is required prior to administration of tPA in this patient?
Fingerstick blood glucose
What is the most common complication of HELLP syndrome?
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
When should an asymptomatic AAA be referred for repair?
AAA greater than or equal to 5.5 cm should be referred to a surgeon for elective repair.
Sgarbossa criteria for STEMI with LBBB
- Concordant ST elevation > 1 mm in leads with a positive QRS (5 points)
- Concordant ST depression > 1 mm in V1–V3 (3 points)
- Discordant ST elevation 5 mm in leads with a negative QRS (2)
3 = STEMI
