1.1 Evolutionary Phys Flashcards
Define Protist
a eukaryote that is not an animal, plant, or fungi
Define Amniote
a clade of tetrapod vertebrates that comprise sauropsids and synapsids. They are distinguished by a membrane protecting the embryo and a lack of larval stage. Can be laid in an egg or carried by a female.
Define Ortholog
gene sequences derived from the same ancestral gene present in two species’ last common ancestor
Define Paralog
gene copies created by a duplication event within the same genome
What is a myosin?
myosins are the motor protein that uses ATP to change its shape, doing what is usually talked about as a power stroke.
Define Synapomorphy
a trait shared by members of one group that distinguish it from a sister group
Define Protostome
a multicellular organism whose mouth develops from a primary embryonic opening, such as an annelid, mollusk, or arthropod.
Define Deuterostome
animals that are typically characterized by their anus forming before their mouth during embryonic development.
Define Subfunctionalization
new gene sequence that does the same job better or different than the original gene version, enabling the genes to divide up the work
Define Neofunctionalization
a new version of the gene did something completely different
What is metamerization?
body organized into repeating units, or segments
What is tagmatization?
segments group together to form unique structures
What is cephalization?
evolutionary trend in which, over many generations, the mouth, sense organs, and nerve ganglia become concentrated at the front end of an animal, producing a head region
Define Diploblastic
2 embryonic cell layers
Define Triploblastic
3 embryonic cell layers
