Week 4: Generalized Connective Tissue

Question 1

What are examples of generalized connective tissue?

Answer 1

ligaments, retinacula, fat, tendons

Question 2

What are examples of specialized fluid connective tissue/

Answer 2

blood and lymph

Question 3

What are examples of specialized supporting connective tissue?

Answer 3

bone and cartilage

Question 4

What are the components of connective tissue?

Answer 4

cells, fibers (collagen and elastin) and ground substance

Question 5

What is the classification of cells of connective tissue?

Answer 5

fixed/permanent (long term maintenance of generalized CT) and free/transient (in the blood or bone marrow, contribute to short term events)

Question 6

What is the function of fibroblasts and fibrocytes?

Answer 6

produce and maintain extracellular matrix, promote wound contraction

Question 7

What is the function of macrophages?

Answer 7

eliminate microorganisms and debris contribute to immune reactions

Question 8

What is the function of adipose/fat cells?

Answer 8

synthesize, store and release lipids

Question 9

What is the function of mast cells?

Answer 9

facilitate migration of cells from blood to CT

Question 10

What is function of plasma cells?

Answer 10

white blood cells produce antibodies to fight infections

Question 11

What does the extracellular matrix consist of?

Answer 11

fibres (collagen, reticular and elastic) to provide strength and support and ground substance that acts as a diffusion medium and provides support

Question 12

What are the types of loose generalized CT?

Answer 12

areolar, adipose and reticular tissue

Question 13

What are the types of dense generalized CT?

Answer 13

regular (ligament, tendons and aponeurosis/fascia) and irregular (capsule and periosteum)

Question 14

Where can synovial membranes be found in the body?

Answer 14

synovial joints, bursae and tendon synovial sheaths

Question 15

What is the function of a synovial membrane?

Answer 15

to secrete and absorb synovial fluid

Question 16

What is the function of synovial fluid?

Answer 16

lubricates joints to decrease friction (increases joint efficiency and reduces erosion of articular surfaces), provides nutrition and removes waste products, provides shock absorption

Question 17

Where does cartilage receive its nutrition?

Answer 17

through diffusion from synovial fluid

Question 18

What are the types of cartilage?

Answer 18

hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage

Question 19

Where can hyaline cartilage be found in the body?

Answer 19

on articulating surfaces of bones

Question 20

What are the functions of hyaline cartilage?

Answer 20

bears mechanical stresses, allows for easy sliding movement of bones and minimizes shearing

Question 21

What are the functions of fibrocartilage?

Answer 21

provides high tensile strength, shock absorption, limits movement, prevents bone to bone contact

Question 22

Where can fibrocartilage be found in the body?

Answer 22

pubic bones, intervertebral discs, menisci of the knee