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1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Bishop Scores

A

Max score of 13

Dilation 0-3
Station 0-3
Effacement 0-3

Position 0-2
Consistency 0-2

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2
Q

What is a station score (labor)

A

-5 is as high in the pelvis as possible

0 is baby head in pelvis

+5 is crowning

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3
Q

Heart sound locations

A

Aortic: 2nd space R sternal border

Pulmonic: 2nd space L sternal border

Erb’s Point: 3rd space L sternal border

Tricuspid: 5th space L sternal border

Mitral (apex, PMI): 5th space Mid left clavicular line

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4
Q

Meningococcal meningitis

A

Vaccination available

Signs:

  • Stiff neck
  • Severe Headache
  • Photosensitive
  • Drowsy
  • Convulsions
  • Joint Pain
  • Vomiting

Lumbar puncture for dx

Penicillin, ceftriaxone

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5
Q

Electrolyte ranges

A

Magnesium: 1.5-2.5

Phosphorus 2.5-4.5

Potassium: 3.5-5

Calcium: 8.5-10.5

Chloride: 95-105

Sodium: 135-145

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6
Q

BUN range

A

5-20

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7
Q

Creatinine Range

A

0.6-1.2

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8
Q

Albumin range

A

3.5-5.5

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9
Q

Liver enzyme ranges

A

ALT: 7-56
AST: 10-40

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10
Q

CBC ranges

A

WBC: 5,000-10,000

RBC: 4.5-5 million

Platelets: 150k-400k

Hgb:

  • Women: 12-16 g/dL
  • Men: 14-18 g-dL

Hct:

  • Women: 37-47%
  • Men: 42-52%
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11
Q

Coag Ranges

A

PT: 10-12 seconds

INR: <1 if not on warfarin
2-3 if on warfarin

aPTT: Normal is 30-40 sec
1.5-2.5x normal range If on heparin

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12
Q

Lipid Panel ranges

A

LDL under 100

HDL over 60

Total cholesterol under 200

Triglycerides under 150

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13
Q

A1c range

A

4-6% without diabetes

under 7% with diabetes

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14
Q

Digoxin range

A

0.5-2 ng/mL

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15
Q

Lithium range

A

0.5-1.2 mmol/L

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16
Q

Hypocalcemia

A

Can be caused by damage to parathyroid

Twitchy
Excess DTR
Tetany

Hand cramp when BP taken (Trousseau)
Face spasm when touched (Chvostek)

Stridor
Parasthesia/tingling
Prolonged QT—> can cause Vtach

17
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Most common cause is renal failure

Digoxin and beta blockers can cause decreased potassium reuptake–> higher serum levels

Manifestations:

  • Tall peaked T waves
  • Loss of P waves
  • Prolonged PR
  • ST depression
  • Widening QRS
  • Heart block
  • V fib
  • Asystole
  • Fatigue
  • Cramps
  • Parasthesia
  • Respiratory arrest from paralysis
  • Diarrhea, hyperactive GI, vomiting
18
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Diarrhea
Laxative misuse
Low magnesium can cause Low potassium

Peaked P wave 
Prolonged PR interval
ST depression
Shallow T wave 
Prominent U wave

Manifestations:

  • Heart block
  • Ventricle dysrhythmias
  • paralysis
  • Decreased glucose tolerance–> hyperglycemia
  • Respiratory failure
  • Constipation/Paralytic ileus
19
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

Caused mainly by hyperparathyroidism and cancers

Fatigue
Lethargy
Weakness
Confusion-->hallucinations
Seizures, Coma

Heart block
Vtach

20
Q

Hyperphosphatemia

A

AKI or CKD

Can be asymptomatic until Ca binds and causes signs of hypocalcemia.

Calcified deposits in body

21
Q

Hypophosphatemia

A

Often asymptomatic

Acute manifestations:

  • CNS depression
  • Weakness
  • Respiratory failure
  • Heart failure
  • Rickets/Osteomalacia
22
Q

Hypermagnesemia

A

Renal failure

Manifestations:
Hypotension
Facial flushing
Lethargy
Urinary retention
Nausea
Vomiting

Loss of DTR

Coma, cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest can occur

23
Q

Hypomagnesemia

A

Increased GI or renal losses, starvation, chronic ETOH abuse.

Resembles Hypocalcemia

24
Q

GFR range

A

60-120

25
Q

List of cranial nerves

A

1: Olfactory
2: Optic
3: Oculomotor
4: Trochlear
5: Trigeminal
6: Abducens
7: Facial
8: Vestibulocochlear
9: Glossopharyngeal
10: Vagus
11: Accessory
12: Hypoglossal

26
Q

Cranial Nerves for eye movement

A

3: Oculomotor
4: Trochlear
6: Abducens

27
Q

Trigeminal nerve

A

Nerve 5

Senses upper face, maxillary, and mandibular area

Motor: Mandible

28
Q

Facial Nerve

A

Nerve 7

Facial expressions

Sense of taste for most of tongue

29
Q

Glossopharyngeal

A

Nerve 9

Snesory from sinuses, throat, inner ear, back of tongue

30
Q

Vagus nerve

A

Nerve 10

Sensation from throat

sends info to heart adn intestines

Motor: Throat, Peristalsis

31
Q

Accessory nerve

A

Nerve 11

Rotate/flex/extend neck, flex shoulders

32
Q

Hypoglossal nerve

A

Nerve 12

Moves the tongue

nclex prep (3 decks)

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