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EAWS > First Aide > Flashcards

First Aide Flashcards

0
Q

Fundamental elements of first aide can be categorized into how many main areas?

A

Eight.

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1
Q

What are the three objectives to first aide?

A

Prevent further injury
Infection
And loss of life

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2
Q

What are the 4 methods of controlling bleeding?

A

Direct pressure
Elevation
Pressure points
Tourniquet (as a last resort)

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3
Q

What is a pressure point?

A

A point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone.

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4
Q

How many principle pressure points are on each side of the body?

A

Eleven on each side.

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5
Q

Facial artery?

A

Jaw

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6
Q

Brachial artery?

A

Inner upper arm

Inner elbow

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7
Q

Common carotid?

A

Neck

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8
Q

Subclavian artery?

A

Collar bone

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9
Q

Radial/ulnar artery?

A

Wrist

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10
Q

Femoral artery?

A

Upper thigh

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11
Q

Facial artery?

A

Jaw

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12
Q

Superficial temporal artery?

A

Temple

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13
Q

Iliac artery?

A

Groin

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14
Q

Anterior/posterior tibial artery?

A

Ankle

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15
Q

Popliteal artery?

A

Knee

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16
Q

How many classifications of burns?

A

Three

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17
Q

First degree burns?

A

Produce redness, warmth, and mild pain.

18
Q

Second degree burns?

A

Cause red, blistered skin, and severe pain

19
Q

Third degree burns?

A

Destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases, however severe pain may be absent due to nerve endings being destroyed.

20
Q

How many types of fractures are there?

A

Two

21
Q

What are the two types of fractures?

A

Open/ compound

Closed/ simple

22
Q

What is an open/compound fracture?

A

A break in the skin with possible bone protrusion.

23
Q

What is a closed/simple fracture?

A

A broken bone without a break in the skin.

24
Q

Electric shock?

A

Occurs when a person comes into contact with an electric energy source and shock occurs.

25
Q

Indications of an airway obstruction?

A

Inability to talk
Grasping and pointing to the throat
Exaggerated breathing efforts
And skin turning a bluish color

26
Q

What are two types of heat related injuries?

A

Heat exhaustion

Heat stroke

27
Q

Heat exhaustion?

A

A serious disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart, and lungs.

28
Q

Heat stroke?

A

A serious condition caused by the breakdown of the sweating mechanism of the body.

29
Q

Symptoms of heat exhaustion?

A

Skin is cool, moist, and clammy and the pupils are dilated. Body temperature may be normal or high; the victim is usually sweating profusely.

30
Q

Symptoms of heat stroke?

A

The victim is unable to eliminate excessive body heat buildup. Symptoms may include hot and/or dry skin, uneven pupil dilation, and a weak, rapid pulse.

31
Q

Three types of cold weather injuries?

A

Hypothermia
Superficial frostbite
Deep frostbite

32
Q

Hypothermia?

A

A general cooling of the whole body caused by exposure to low or rapidly falling temperature, cold moisture, snow or ice.

33
Q

Symptoms of hypothermia?

A

The victim may appear pale and unconscious, and may even be taken for dead. Breathing is slow and shallow, pulse is faint or even undetectable. Body tissues semi-rigid, and the limbs are stiff.

34
Q

Superficial frostbite?

A

When I’ve crystals are forming in the upper skin layers after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower.

35
Q

Deep frostbite?

A

Developed when ice crystals are forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower.

36
Q

What is shock?

A

A life-threatening medical condition whereby the body suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result of severe injury or illness.

37
Q

What are the types of shock?

A 
Septic shock
Anaphylactic shock
Cardiogenic shock
Hypovolemic shock
Neurogenic shock
38
Q

Results from a bacteria multiplying in the blood and releasing toxins. Common causes are pneumonia and meningitis?

A

Septic shock

39
Q

Occurs when the heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to the body? Can be an end result of a heart attack?

A

Cardiogenic shock

40
Q

A type of severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction? Causes include insect stings, and food allergies.

A

Anaphylactic shock

41
Q

Caused by spinal chord injury, usually a result of a traumatic accident?

A

Neurogenic shock

42
Q

Caused by severe blood and fluid loss, such as from traumatic bodily injury, which makes the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body?

A

Hypo polemic shock

EAWS (17 decks)

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