Ankle

Question 1

Fibularis Longus

Answer 1

Function: eversion and plantar flexion of foot; supports arches of foot

Innervation: superficial fibulae nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Origin: head of fibula

Insertion: plantar surface of medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal I

Question 2

Fibularis Brevis

Answer 2

Function: Eversion of foot

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Origin: Distal lateral surface of shaft of fibula

Insertion: base of metatarsal V

Question 3

Tibialis Anterior

Answer 3

Function: Dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint; inversion of foot; dynamic support of medial arch of foot

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

Origin: Tibia and interosseous membrane

Insertion: medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal I

Question 4

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Answer 4

Function: Extension of great toe and dorsiflexion of foot

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

Origin: Fibula and interosseous membrane

Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 5

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Answer 5

Function: Extension of lateral four toes and dorsiflexion of foot

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

Origin: Fibula and lateral tibial condyle

Insertion: Dorsal digital expansions into bases of distal and middle phalanges of lateral four toes

Question 6

Fibularis Tertius

Answer 6

Function: Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

Origin: Distal fibula

Insertion: Base of metatarsal V

Question 7

Gastrocnemius

Answer 7

Function: Plantar flexes foot and flexes knee

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S1, S2)

Origin: Medial head - superior to medial condyle; lateral head - lateral femoral condyle

Insertion: Via calcaneal tendon, to posterior surface of calcaneus

Question 8

Soleus

Answer 8

Function: Plantar flexes the foot

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S1, S2)

Origin: Soleal line and medial border of tibia, fibular head

Insertion: Via calcaneal tendon, to posterior surface of calcaneus

Question 9

Plantaris

Answer 9

Function: Plantar flexes foot and flexes knee

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S1, S2)

Origin: Lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament of knee

Insertion: Via calcaneal tendon, to posterior surface of calcaneus

Question 10

Tibialis Posterior

Answer 10

Function: Inversion and plantar flexion of foot; support of medial arch of foot during walking

Innervation: Tibial nerve (L4, L5)

Origin: Interosseous membrane and tibia and fibula

Insertion: Tuberosity of navicular and medial cuneiform

Question 11

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Answer 11

Function: Flexes lateral four toes

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S2, S3)

Origin: Tibia

Insertion: bases of distal phalanges of the lateral four toes

Question 12

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Answer 12

Function: Flexes great toe

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S2, S3)

Origin: Fibula and interosseous membrane

Insertion: Distal phalanx of great toe