Week 1 Flashcards
What is a Healthcare Associated Infection?
An infection occurring in a patient during the process of care in a hospital
Define “Infection”
The entry and multiplication of an infectious agent within the tissues of a host
Define “Pathogen”
Infective Agent
What are the 3 types of infections?
- latrogenic Infection
2. Exogenous Infection 3. Endogenous Infection
What is an latrogenic Infection?
Results from a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure
What is an Exogenous Infection?
Arises form microorganisms external to the individual that do not exist as the person’s normal flora
What is an Endogenous Infection?
Occurs when part of the patients flora becomes altered and results in overgrowth
What are the 4 Defences Against Infection?
- Normal Flora
- Body system defences
- Inflammation
- Immune responses
List 3 inadequate primary defences?
- Broken skin
- Obstructed urine outflow
- Decreased mobility
List 3 inadequate secondary defences
- Reduced haemoglobin level
- Suppression of white blood cells
- Low WBC count
What are the Transmission-Based Precautions?
- Airborne
- Droplet
- Contact
Define “Airborne Transmission”
Small infectious particles spread through the air
Define “Droplet Transmission”
Infectious particles spread in large droplets through coughing, talking or sneezing
Define “Contact Transmission”
Infectious particles spread through skin or mucous membrane contact
What are the 6 stages in the chain of infection?
- Infectious Agent
- Reservoir
- Portal of exit
- Mode of transmission
- Portal of entry
- Host
