Chapter 15 Review Qs book

Question 1

A nurse enters a patient’s room at the beginning of a shift to conduct an assessment of his condition following a blood transfusion. The nurse cared for the patient on the previous day as well. The patient has a number of issues he wishes to share with the nurse, who takes
time to explore each issue. The nurse also assesses the patient and finds no signs or symptoms of a reaction to the blood product. The nurse observed the patient the prior day and sees a change in his behavior, a reluctance to get out of bed and ambulate. Which of the following actions improve the nurse’s ability to make clinical decisions about this patient? (Select all that apply.)

1. Working the same shift each day
2. Spending time during the patient assessment
3. Knowing the early mobility protocol guidelines
4. Caring for the patient on consecutive days.
5. Knowing the pattern of patient behavior about ambulation

Answer 1

2,4,5

Question 2

Match the concepts for a critical thinker on the right with the application of the term on the left.

Term Application 
a. Anticipate how a patient might
respond to a treatment.
b. Organize assessment on the
basis of patient priorities.
c. Be objective in asking questions of a patient.
d. Be tolerant of the patient’s
views and beliefs.

Concepts for Critical Thinkers

___ 1. Truth seeking
___ 2. Open-mindedness
___ 3. Analyticity
___ 4. Systematicity

Answer 2

1c
2d
3a
4b

Question 3

A nurse has seen many cancer patients struggle with pain management because they are afraid of becoming addicted to the medicine. Pain control is a priority for cancer care. By helping patients focus on their values and beliefs about pain control, a nurse can best make clinical decisions. This is an example of:

1. Creativity.
2. Fairness.
3. Clinical reasoning.
4. Applying ethical criteria.

Answer 3

4

Question 4

The REFLECT model can improve learning after providing patient care. Place the steps of this model in the correct order:

1. Think about your thoughts and actions at the time of a situation.
2. Review the knowledge you gained from the experience.
3. Review the facts of the situation.
4. Set a schedule for completing your plan of action.
5. Consider options for handling a similar situation in the future.
6. Recall any feelings you had at the time of the situation.
7. Create a plan for future situations.

Answer 4

3,1,6,2,5,7,4

Question 5

One element of clinical decision making is knowing the patient. Which of the following activities affect a nurse’s ability to know patients better? (Select all that apply.)

1. Caring for similar groups of patients over time
2. Reading the evidence-based practices appropriate to patients
3. Learning how patients typically respond to their clinical
   situations
4. Observing patients
5. Engaging with patients experiencing illness

Answer 5

1,3,4,5,6

Question 6

A nurse is preparing medications for a patient. The nurse checks the name of the medication on the label with the name of the medication on the doctor’s order. At the bedside the nurse checks the patient’s name against the medication order as well. The nurse is following which critical thinking attitude?

1. Responsibility
2. Humility
3. Accurate
4. Fairness

Answer 6

1

Question 7

A nurse has been caring for a patient with a chronic wound that has not been healing. The nurse talks with a nurse specialist in wound care to find alternative approaches from what the health care provider ordered for dressing the wound. The two decide that because
of the patient’s allergy to tape a nonallergenic dressing will be used. The nurse obtains an order from the health care provider for the new dressing. After two days there is improvement in the wound. This is an example of which critical thinking standards? (Select all that apply.)
1. Clear
2. Broad
3. Relevant
4. Risk taking
5. Creativity

Answer 7

3,4,5

Question 8

A nurse is assigned to care for a woman who is expecting her first

child. The nurse organizes herself and plans to gather data about the patient by applying Pender’s health promotion model, including the patient’s characteristics and experiences and situational influences. She plans to observe patient behavior and consider the patient’s psychosocial issues. Such data will offer a clear understanding to help the nurse identify the patient’s needs. This is an example of which of the following concepts? (Select all that apply.)
1. Diagnostic reasoning
2. Deductive reasoning
3. Inductive reasoning
4. Assessment
5. Problem solving

Answer 8

2,4

Question 9

A nurse is caring for a patient who has poor pain control. The patient has a history of opioid abuse. During the day the patient made frequent requests for a pain medication. In order to make
an effective clinical decision about this patient, the nurse needs to ask questions about the data available on the patient to make a thorough and thoughtful decision. The nurse asks herself, “How does my view about the patient’s pain tolerance compare with the patient’s, and does that pose a problem?” This is an example of:
1. A question about assumptions.
2. A question about evidence.
3. A question about procedure.
4. A question about perspective.

Answer 9

4

Question 10

Which of the following describes a nurse’s application of a specific knowledge base during critical thinking? (Select all that apply.)

1. Initiative in reading current evidence from the literature
2. Application of nursing theory
3. Reviewing a policy and procedure manual
4. Considering a colleague’s view of a patient’s needs
5. Previous time caring for a specific group of patients

Answer 10

1,2