Slide 7

Question 1

What is career development?

Answer 1

It is the planning of a person’s future career within an organization in order to maximize his or her contribution to the organization and the fulfilment of his or her own potential

Question 2

What are the stages of career development?

Answer 2

1. Preparation for work
2. Organizational entry
3. Early Career
4. Mid career
5. late career

Question 3

What does the preparation for work stage involve?

Answer 3

it involves developing occupational self-image, assess alternative occupations, develop initial occupational choice, pursue necessary education. Occurs from age 0-18.

Question 4

What does the organizational entry stage of career development involve?

Answer 4

It involves obtaining job offers from desired organizations, select appropriate job based on complete and accurate information. It occurs from 18-25

Question 5

What does the early career stage of career development involve?

Answer 5

It involves learning a job, learn organizational rules and norms, fit into chosen occupation and organization, increase competence, pursue goals. It occurs from the ages of 25- 40

Question 6

What does the mid career stage of career development involve?

Answer 6

It involves the reappraising early career and early adulthood goals, reaffirm or modify goals, make choices appropriate to middle adult years remain productive. This occurs from the ages of 40-55 years

Question 7

What does the late career stage of career development involve?

Answer 7

It is when individuals remain productive in work, maintain self-esteem, prepare for effective retirement . It occurs from the ages of 55 to retirement

Question 8

What are career expectations?

Answer 8

the rewards that a person expects from his or her future career

Question 9

What are career goals?

Answer 9

the achievement targets that people aim for in pursuing their career

Question 10

What are career ladders?

Answer 10

These are recognized routes of promotion and advancement within an organization

Question 11

What are career patterns ?

Answer 11

the identification of regularities or typical paths through an organization that show up in people’s careers

Question 12

What is competency analysis?

Answer 12

This involves the measurement of three basic competencies for each job: know-how, problem solving, and accountability

Question 13

What are job progressions?

Answer 13

The hierarchy of jobs a new employee might experience, ranging from a starting job to jobs that require more knowledge and/or skill

Question 14

What are career paths?

Answer 14

These are the lines of advancements in an occupational field within an organization

Question 15

What is career management?

Answer 15

Career management is the process through which employees:
Become aware of their own interests, values, strengths, and weaknesses
Obtain information about job opportunities within the company
Identify career goals
Establish action plans to achieve career goals

Question 16

What are some successful career management practices?

Answer 16

1. Placing clear expectations on employees.
2. Giving employees the opportunity for transfer.
3. Providing a clear and thorough succession plan
4. Encouraging performance through rewards and recognition.
5. Giving employees the time and resources, they need to consider short- and long-term career goals.
6. Encouraging employees to continually assess their skills and career direction.

Question 17

What are the internal barriers to career advancement?

Answer 17

1. lack of time to undertake training and development
2. lack of budgets and resources for employees to plan their careers to undertake training and development
3. Rigid job specifications
4. Lack of leadership support for career management
5. lack of career opportunities and pathways within the organization for employees

Question 18

Who are mentors?

Answer 18

These are executives who coach, advise, and encourage individuals of lesser rank

Question 19

What are mentoring functions?

Answer 19

Functions concerned with the career advancement and psychological aspects of the person being mentored

Question 20

What is e-mentoring?

Answer 20

It involves bringing experienced business professionals together with individuals needing counseling

Question 21

How does one develop a diverse pool involve?

Answer 21

1. recruitment of women :
   a. Growth of women in the workplace
   b. Increase in females in management roles
   c. Stereotyping and gender conflicts
2. Recruitment of minorities:
   a. Educational and societal disadvantages
   b. Retention in organizations
   c. Affirmative action

Question 22

What is the Glass ceiling?

Answer 22

Artificial barriers based on attitudinal or organizational bias that prevent qualified women from advancing upward in their organizations into management level positions

Question 23

How do we eliminate the barriers to women’s advancement?

Answer 23

1. development of women’s networks
2. online e-mentoring for women
3. diminishing stereotyping of women
4. presence of women in significant managerial positions