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Integrated Systems (Cardiac) > Vessels (REYNOLDS) > Flashcards

Vessels (REYNOLDS) Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following can directly control blood flowing into capillaries?

A. Vasoconstriction through parasympathetic stimulation

B. Vasoconstriction through sympathetic stimulation

C. Precapillary sphincters

D. Vasodilation through parasympathetic stimulation

A

C. Precapillary sphincters

***POSSIBLE EXAM Q***

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2
Q

_______ directly controls blood flow into capillaries.

A

Precapillary sphincters

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3
Q

Which of the following gives capillaries the ability to perform gas and nutrient exchange?

A. Diffusion across membranes

B. Small molecule transporters

C. Transcytosis

D. Leaks between cells

E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

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4
Q

Which of the following is the most common type of capillaries?

A. Continuous capillaries

B. Fenestrated capillaries

C. Discontinuous capillaries

D. All of the above

A

A. Continuous capillaries

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5
Q

Which of the following is mostly found in the small intestine, kidney glomerulous, and endocrine glands?

A. Continuous capillaries

B. Fenestrated capillaries

C. Discontinuous capillaries

D. All of the above

A

B. Fenestrated capillaries

Continuous = most tissue

Fenestrated = small intestine, kidneys, endocrine glands

Sinusoidal = liver, lymphoid, hematopoietic and endocrine

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6
Q

Which of the following is mostly found in the liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine and hematopoietic?

A. Continuous capillaries

B. Fenestrated capillaries

C. Discontinuous capillaries

D. All of the above

A

C. Discontinuous capillaries

Continuous = most tissue

Fenestrated = small intestine, kidneys, endocrine glands

Sinusoidal = liver, lymphoid, hematopoietic and endocrine

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7
Q

Fenestrated capillaries are found in all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Liver

B. Small intestine

C. Kidneys

D. endocrine glands

E. Fenestrated capillaries are found in all of the above

A

A. Liver

Continuous = most tissue

Fenestrated = small intestine, kidneys, endocrine glands

Sinusoidal = liver, lymphoid, hematopoietic and endocrine

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8
Q

Discontinuous (Sinusoidal) capillaries are found in all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Liver

B. Lymphoid

C. Endocrine

D. Hematopoietic

E. Small intestine

A

E. Small intestine

Continuous = most tissue

Fenestrated = small intestine, kidneys, endocrine glands

Sinusoidal = liver, lymphoid, hematopoietic and endocrine

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9
Q

Discontinuous (Sinusoidal) capillaries are found in all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Liver

B. Kidneys

C. Endocrine

D. Hematopoietic

E. Lymphoid

A

B. Kidneys

Continuous = most tissue

Fenestrated = small intestine, kidneys, endocrine glands

Sinusoidal = liver, lymphoid, hematopoietic and endocrine

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10
Q

Which of the following contains a perforated endothelium but continuous basement membrane?

A. Continuous capillaries

B. Fenestrated capillaries

C. Sinusoidal capillaries

D. All of the above

A

B. Fenestrated capillaries

Fenestrated = perforated endothelium but continuous BM

Sinusoidal = perforated endothelium and BM

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11
Q

Which of the following contains a perforated endothelium AND perforated basement membrane?

A. Continuous capillaries

B. Fenestrated capillaries

C. Sinusoidal capillaries

D. All of the above

A

C. Sinusoidal capillaries

Fenestrated = perforated endothelium but continuous BM

Sinusoidal = perforated endothelium and BM

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12
Q

Which of the following carry blood away from capillary beds toward the heart?

A. Arteries

B. Veins

C. Arterioles

D. Venules

A

D. Venules

note: the Venous system ALWAYS caries blood to the heart

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13
Q

(T/F)

The venous system contains the least volume of blood.

A

FALSE

The venous system contains majority of blood!!!

***MAY BE EXAM Q***

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14
Q

What is the equation for Resistance?

***Possible EXAM Q***

A

Resistance = Viscosity x length / radius4

Not as emphasized equation to remember:

  • Total capillary blood flow

Flow = (initial pressure - final pressure) / Resistance

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15
Q

Which of the following is the equation for Resistance:

A. Resistance = length x radius / viscosity

B. Resistance = radius x viscosity / length

C. Resistance = viscosity x length / radius

D. None of the above

A

C. Resistance = viscosity x length / radius

***Possible EXAM Q***

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16
Q

All of the following contribute to pressure in blood vessels EXCEPT:

A. Blood pressure (arteriole)

B. Capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP)

C. Venous pressure

D. All of the above contribute to pressure in blood vessels

A

D. All of the above

17
Q

Total peripheral resistance is affected by all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Vascular resistance

B. Blood viscosity

C. Turbulence

D. Two of the above

E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

18
Q

Total peripheral resistance is affected by what 3 factors?

A

Vascular resistance, blood viscosity and turbulence

19
Q

(T/F)

Total peripheral resistance must be higher than circulatory pressure for blood to flow.

A

False

Circulatory pressure MUST OVERCOME Total peripheral resistance!!!

20
Q

All of the following are true about Vascular Resistance EXCEPT:

A. is due to friction between blood and vessel walls

B. depends on vessel length

C. depends on vessel diameter

D. increases exponentially as vessel length decreases

E. is effected by vasodilation and vasoconstriction

A

D. increases exponentially as vessel length decreases

Correct statement: increases exponentially as vessel diameter decreases

21
Q

All of the following are true about Vascular Resistance EXCEPT:

A. is due to friction between blood and vessel walls

B. depends on vessel length

C. depends on vessel diameter

D. increases exponentially as vessel radius increases

E. All of the above is true regarding vascular resistance

A

D. increases exponentially as vessel radius increases

Correct statement: Vascular resistance (VR) increases exponentially as vessel radius decreases

22
Q

Which of the following has the smallest diameter?

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

D. Capillaries

23
Q

Which of the following has the largest diameter?

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

G. Venae cavae

24
Q

List each of the following from largest diameter to smallest:

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

Diameter

(largest) Venae cavae, elastic arteries, veins, muscular arteries, arterioles and venules (tied), capillaries (smallest)

25
Q

List each of the following from largest total cross-sectional area to smallest:

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

Total Cross-Sectional Area

(largest) Capillaries, venules, arterioles, veins, muscular arteries, venae cavae, elastic arteries (smallest)

26
Q

Which of the following has the largest total cross-sectional area?

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

D. Capillaries

27
Q

Which of the following has the smallest total cross-sectional area?

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

A. Elastic arteries

note: arteries have the smallest cross-section area, then veins, then arterioles, then venules then capillaries

28
Q

Which of the following has the highest average blood pressure?

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

A. Elastic arteries

29
Q

Which of the following has the lowest average blood pressure?

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

G. Venae cavae

note: veins have the next lowest blood pressure

30
Q

List each of the following in order from highest blood pressure to lowest:

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

Blood Pressure of vessels

A. Elastic arteries (highest)

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae (lowest)

note: they were already in order of highest to lowest pressure

31
Q

Which of the following has the lowest velocity of blood flow?

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

D. Capillaries

32
Q

Which of the following has the highest velocity of blood flow?

A. Elastic arteries

B. Muscular arteries

C. Arterioles

D. Capillaries

E. Venules

F. Veins

G. Venae cavae

A

A. Elastic arteries

Capillaries = Highest Cross-sectional area

Capillaries = lowest diameter and lowest velocity of blood flow

Elastic arteries = highest average blood pressure and velocity of blood flow

  • Veins have the lowest blood pressure
33
Q

Which of the following has the highest blood pressure?

A. Arteries

B. Arterioles

C. Capillaries

D. Venules

E. Veins

A

A. Arteries

Arteries = highest BP

Veins = lowest BP

34
Q

Which of the following has the lowest blood pressure?

A. Arteries

B. Arterioles

C. Capillaries

D. Venules

E. Veins

A

E. Veins

Arteries = highest BP

Veins = lowest BP

35
Q

Which of the following has the largest total cross-sectional area?

A. Arteries

B. Arterioles

C. Capillaries

D. Venules

E. Veins

A

C. Capillaries

note: this increases gas exchange

36
Q

Which of the following has the lowest velocity of blood flow?

A. Arteries

B. Arterioles

C. Capillaries

D. Venules

E. Veins

A

C. Capillaries

Arteries = highest velocity

Capillaries = lowest velocity

37
Q

Which of the following has the highest velocity of blood flow?

A. Arteries

B. Arterioles

C. Capillaries

D. Venules

E. Veins

A

A. Arteries

Arteries = highest velocity

Capillaries = lowest velocity

Integrated Systems (Cardiac) (9 decks)

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