❓ 2. Required Practical: How The Rate Of Reaction Is Affected By The Temperature And Concentration (C8) Flashcards
What is the Aim of The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Temperature + Concentration Practical?
To investigate the effect of changing the temperature on the rate of reaction by measuring the formation of a precipitate.
Hypothesis For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Temperature Practical
Increasing the temperature of a reactant will increase the rate of the reaction because the particles will have more kinetic energy and so there will be more collisions. Also, the particles will have more total energy so the collisions will happen more often, and more collisions means there it’s more likely that there are more successful collisions, causing the rate of reaction to increase
Health and Safety For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Temperature + Concentration Practical
- Hydrochloric acid is an irritant
- Ensure your wearing safety goggles
- Don’t breath in the solution as it’s harmful/bad for you
Equipment For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Temperature Practical
- 0.2 mol/dm^3 sodium thiosulphate solution
- 2.0 mol/dm^3 dilute hydrochloric acid
- 100cm^3 conical flask
- 10cm^3 measuring cylinder
- 50cm^3 measuring cylinder
- Water baths at different temperatures
- Thermometer
- Black Cross
- Timer
Method For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Temperature Practical
- Measure out 10cm^3 of Hydrochloric Acid
- Measure 50cm^3 of the sodium thiosulphate solution into a 100cm^3 conical flask
standing on a cross - Stir the Na2S2O3 (aq) (sodium thiosulphate solution), and measure and record it’s temperature.
- Add the HCl (aq) (Hydrochloric Acid) to the Na2S2O3 (sodium thiosulphate solution) and immidiately start timing
- Stop timing when enough S (s) (Sulphur) is formed to obsure the cross
- Repeat for multiple temperatures and record the results in the results table.
Independant Variable For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Temperature Practical
In this experiment, it seems as the Independant Variable is the Temperature of the Na2S2O3 (mol/dm^3) because it is the variable that his altered throughout the experiment to see the effect it has on the time.
What Included In The Results Table For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Temperature Practical
The table has three columns.
The one of the left was ‘Temperature of Na2S2O3 (°C)
The middle one was ‘Time taken for cross to disappear (s)
The one on the right was the ‘Rate of reaction’ (s^-1)
What’s Included in the Graph For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Temperature Practical
The Temperature of Na2S2O3 (°C) is on the X-Axis
The Rate of Reaction (s^-1) is on the Y-Axis
You should expect to see a curve going across and then upwards on the graph
What does ‘increasing/decreasing’ the temperature mean?
Increasing the temperature, means there is more heat affeting the reaction, meaning a higher temperature. Decreasing the temperature means that there is less heat affecting the reaction, meaning the temperature is lower.
What does ‘increasing/decreasing’ the temperature mean in terms of successful collisions and hence rate of reaction?
Increasing the temperature will mean the particles will have more kinetic energy so the collisions will happen more often, and more collisions means there it’s more likely that there are more successful collisions, causing the rate of reaction to increase, wheras decreasing the temperature will mean the particles have less energy, meaning collisions will happen less often, leading to lower chances of successful collisions, leading to a slower rate of reaction.
Dependant Variable For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Temperature Practical
The Dependant Variable is the rate of reaction (cm^3/s) . This is because the dependant variable is the variable that is being tested and measured for.
Control Variables For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Temperature Practical
The Control Variables are the volume of the acid that is reacted with the magnesium ribbon, the catalyst used, and the concentration the reaction was performed in. These are control variables because these are kept the same throughout the experiment to ensure it’s kept as a fair test.
Hypothesis For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Concentration Practical
Increasing the concentration of a reactant will increase the rate of the reaction because there are more particles that are able to collide with the other reactant, more particles means more possible collisions can take place, and more collisions means there it’s more likely that there are more successful collisions, causing the rate of reaction to increase.
Equipment For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Concentration Practical
- 40g/dm^3 sodium thiosulphate solution
- 1.0 mol/dm^3 dilute hydrochloric acid
- conical flask (100cm^3)
- printed black cross on paper
- room with unchanging light conditions
- white paper or white tile
- stopclock
Method For The Rate Of Reaction Affected By Concentration Practical
- Prepare different concentrations (e.g 16mol/dm^3) of sodium thiosulphate solution by mixing differing amounts sodium thiosulphate solution (e.g 20cm^3) with different levels water (e.g 30cm^3) in a boiling tube using measuring cyclinders. Place the boiling tube in a rack.
- Then add 10cm^3 of 2mol/dm^3 hydrochloric acid to a conical flask and place it on top of a white tile, with a black cross right in the middle. Also prepare the timer
- Add the sodium thiosulphate solution to the hydorchloric acid and start the timer
- Once the black cross has been fully clouded over, stop the timer, record the result in the table and repeat for the other 2 tests with this concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution.
- Once you have all 3 tests for one of the concentrations complete, calculate the average time the reaction took in the table.
- Repeat this process for other concentrations, filling in the table with the data you find.
