Respiratory Disorders (1/2 lecture)

Question 1

This is AKA closing off a space

Answer 1

Shunting

Question 2

Shunting is ______ without ______. Has a ____ V/Q ratio

Answer 2

Perfusion without ventilation. LOW ratio

Question 3

This is AKA inadequate perfusion to alveoli

Answer 3

Dead space

Question 4

Dead space is _____ without ______. Has a ____ V/Q ratio

Answer 4

Ventilation without perfusion. HIGH ratio

Question 5

To compensate chronic hypoxemia, there is a shift to the ______, meaning there is _____ O2 released to tissues

Answer 5

Right, increased

Question 6

This is REDUCED O2 of arterial blood

Answer 6

Hypoxemia

Question 7

This is INCREASED CO2 in arterial blood

Answer 7

Hypercapnia

Question 8

What are the 3 types of pneumothorax?

Answer 8

Spontaneous, open, tension

Question 9

SPONTANEOUS pneumothorax is when a ____-______ ______ on the lung ruptures

Answer 9

air-filled blister

Question 10

TENSION pneumothorax is when air enters the pleural cavity on ______, and can’t leave on ______

Answer 10

Inspiration, expiration

Question 11

OPEN pneumothorax is when air enters the pleural cavity through a _______ on inhalation and _____ on exhalation

Answer 11

Wound, leaves

Question 12

This is AKA an abnormal collection of fluid in pleural cavity

Answer 12

Pleural effusion

Question 13

Pleural effusion is a special type of _______

Answer 13

Edema

Question 14

What are 4 manifestations of pleural effusion?

Answer 14

Hydrothorax (serous fluid), Emphysema (purulent), Chylothorax (babies), Hemothorax

Question 15

Atelectasis occurs most often from airway _______.

Answer 15

Obstruction. Mucous plug or external compression of airway

Question 16

This type of COPD results in hypertrophied bronchial cells and secretions (block airway). They struggle to get oxygen ___ and are ________

Answer 16

Chronic bronchitis, In, hypoxemic

Question 17

This type of COPD results in lungs ____ with CO2. Loss of elastic _______

Answer 17

Emphysema, filling, recoil

Question 18

Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disorder in ______ _____ proteins

Answer 18

Chloride transport

Question 19

In cystic fibrosis, you must help pt create a _______ cough to break up ______ and get it out

Answer 19

Productive, mucous

Question 20

This is an occlusion of a portion of the pulmonary vascular bed by a thrombus, embolus, lipids, or air. Result in _______ onset of pleuritic chest pain, unexplained anxiety, tachycardia, tachypnea

Answer 20

Pulmonary embolism, SUDDEN

Question 21

These often arise from deep veins in the thigh

Answer 21

Pulmonary emboli

Question 22

What are the two types of pulmonary hypertension (PAH)?

Answer 22

Primary, secondary

Question 23

In _______ pulmonary hypertension (PAH), blood vessel walls ______ and _______

Answer 23

PRIMARY, thicken & constrict

Question 24

In _______ pulmonary hypertension (PAH), there is ______ left ventricular pressure and increased ______ ____ through pulmonary circulation

Answer 24

SECONDARY, increased, blood flow

Question 25

What is secondary to pulmonary hypertension (PAH)?

Answer 25

Cor pulmonale

Question 26

Cor pulmonale is _____ ventricular enlargement. Chronic _____ overload. TRAFFIC BACKS UP in right atrium

Answer 26

Right, pressure

Question 27

This is characterized by severe ______ of _____ onset

Answer 27

Acute respiratory distress syndrome, dyspnea, sudden

Question 28

This is a less severe form of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Answer 28

Acute lung injury