realism

Question 1

realism vs realpolitik (reason d’etat)

Answer 1

theory vs. prescription (machiavelli, richeliu)

Question 2

statism (3)

Answer 2

main, unitary, rational

Question 3

classical realism- names

Answer 3

morgenthau, carr

Question 4

classical realism- reaction to

Answer 4

interwar period idealism/utopianism

Question 5

classical realism- big idea

Answer 5

human nature

Question 6

structural realism (neo-realism)- names

Answer 6

waltz, mearsheimer

Question 7

structural realism- reaction to

Answer 7

end of CW

Question 8

structural realism- big idea

Answer 8

the structure of the international system shapes state behaviour

Question 9

waltz

Answer 9

defensive realism- security maximizing

Question 10

meirsheimer

Answer 10

offensive realism- power maximizing

Question 11

melian dilagoue

Answer 11

melos remained neutral in the peloponnesean war, the athenians surrendered it.

Question 12

thuycidides trap

Answer 12

the lack of intentions of the rival can lead to conflict

Question 13

internal and external balancing

Answer 13

internal- states can only rely on themselves external- look for others who are threatened by the superpower, creating alliances for protection

Question 14

bandowagoning

Answer 14

a state accepts to be structurally dependent to the superpower, agreeing to loose its sovereignty

Question 15

security dilemma (herz)

Answer 15

actions taken by a state to increase its own security causes reactions from other states- which leads to a decrease in the original states’ security

Question 16

dual moral standard

Answer 16

there should be different moral standards for citizens and external relations with other states

Question 17

neoclassical realism-name

Answer 17

zakaria

Question 18

neoclassical realism- big idea

Answer 18

foreign policies should be explained by reffering to both international and national levels.

Question 19

evolutionary argument (4)

Answer 19

1. threat of war- rulers forced to defend borders.
2. larger/centralized states- increased tax collection and military recruitment
3. expand representative rule and bureaucracy
4. strong states survive, weak perish

Question 20

multipolarity characteristics (3)

Answer 20

least stable (acc Kissinger), flat hierarchy, more reciprocity

Question 21

bipolarity characteristics (3)

Answer 21

split hierarchy, dominance with blocs, reciprocity between blocs, relatively stable

Question 22

unipolarity characteristics (3)

Answer 22

steep hierarchy, more dominance, most stable

Question 23

neoclassical realism’s criticism of neorealism

Answer 23

units don’t always act similarly, perception of elites is important (states are not homogenous), a mismatch between objectives and state power (states don’t have the power to achieve their goals)

Question 24

securitization

Answer 24

naming a threat as a priority thereby justifying a suspension of the normal rules of politics- allowing elites to take extraordinary measures

Question 25

neoclassical criticisms of realism (3)

Answer 25

1. units don’t always act similarly- regimes matter
2. perceptions of elites are important
3. there may be a mismatch between objectives and state power