L1

Question 1

What Is the chemical composition of the human body?

Answer 1

50% carbon
20%oxygen 
10%hydrogen 
8.5%nitrogen 
4%calcium 
2.5%phosphorous 
percentages of other elements are 1 and below

Question 2

what is the major functions of 1.)DNA 2.)RNA 3.)proteins 4.)polysaccharides (glycogen ) 5.)lipids?

Answer 2

1. ) carries genetic material
2. )template for protein synthesis
3. ) usually they are the molecules that do the work in the cell ex. enzymes
4. )short term energy storage as glucose
5. )membrane components and long term energy storage

Question 3

what would an abnormality in nucleic acid result in?

Answer 3

genetic disease .

Question 4

what would an abnormality in carbohydrates result in?

Answer 4

diabetes

Question 5

what would an abnormality in proteins result in?

Answer 5

sickle cell anemia

Question 6

what would an abnormality in lipids result in?

Answer 6

atherosclerosis

Question 7

why does water need a special mechanism by which it enters a cell? and what is that water channel called?

Answer 7

water needs aquaporin (water channel) because it is not able to cross the cell membrane where as lipid molecules often can dissolve in the lipophilic cell membrane and freely diffuse into the cell

Question 8

what is pH defined as?

Answer 8

concentration of H+ in solution

Question 9

what is the pH of the blood?

Answer 9

7.35-74.5

Question 10

what is a buffer and why is it important in the human body?

Answer 10

a buffer is a solution that resist changes in pH and it is important in the human body because the human bod functions only within a small pH range.

Question 11

what are the 3 major buffering systems in the body?

Answer 11

1. ) carbonate-bicarbonate buffer (primary buffer in blood)
2. )phosphate buffer (inside the cell)
3. )proteins in solution also exert some buffering effect