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Avionics Systems 2 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the sources of aircraft power?

A
  • Batteries fitted to the aircraft
  • Batteries connected on the ground
  • AC generators
  • Ground power generators
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2
Q

What are batteries primary and secondary function on an aircraft?

A
  • Primary function: is to provide power when the generators aren’t operating
  • Secondary function: are for maintenance such as refuelling and engine starting.
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3
Q

What are secondary cells in batteries?

A

Chemical changes in batteries can be reversed, the reversing is known as charging enabling the battery to be used again.

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4
Q

What are primary cells in batteries?

A

Will discharge electrical energy only once, battery cannot be used when the life is drained.

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5
Q

What is the nominal output for a battery in an aircraft?

A

24v DC

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6
Q

When are primary and secondary cell batteries used on aircraft?

A

(Primary are rarely used, they are used on items that are on the aircraft for a short time.)
(Secondary cells supply high currents for things such as starting the aircraft.)

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7
Q

What are the 2 types of secondary cell batteries?

A 
Lead acid cell - rarely used anymore 
Nickel cadmium (alkaline) - popular for aircraft
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8
Q

What is the main benefit of a nickel cadmium battery?

A

Can be left discharged, or partially charged without causing damage

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9
Q

What are the colour codes for alkaline and acid batteries?

A

Alkaline - light blue

Acid - pink or green

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10
Q

What are the potential hazards for batteries?

A
  • Electrolytes are highly reactive and corrosive
  • Can give off hydrogen which is explosive
  • Rise to high temperatures or fire
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11
Q

What are the maintenance tasks on a battery?

A
  • Voltage checks
  • examination
  • replacement
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12
Q

When should a battery be replaced?

A
  • Damaged -State of charge is poor -after a pre determined time
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13
Q

What are 5 tasks which should be carried out before transportation?

A
  • Examine for damage or leaks, -Terminals are protected. -device is firmly attached. -Correct lifting techniques. -Correct document set
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14
Q

What are the 2 most common electrolytes in batteries?

A 
Potassium hydroxide (alkaline)
Sulphuric acid
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15
Q

What are the dangers with battery electrolytes?

A

Chemical burns to skin
Dangerous to eyes
Destroy clothing

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16
Q

The steps for alkaline and acid spills are very similar, Describe the steps?

A

Neutralise the electrolyte, clean up the activity, restore surface protection and carry out a final inspection.

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17
Q

What electrolytes are used to neutralise acid and alkaline spills?

A

Acid spill - bicarbonate of soda

Alkaline spill - chromic acid

18
Q

Why are on-aircraft voltage checks carried out on aircraft?

A

Because there constant use poses a drain on the charge so they need to be checked

19
Q

Why do batteries experience thermal runaway?

A
  • Separator breakdown from ageing
  • Constant loss of electrolyte
  • internal short circuiting
  • overcharging
20
Q

What are the points in the thermal runaway diagram?

A

A decrease in resistance leads to a increase in current, this leads to an increase in temperature which leads to a further drop in resistance and so on

21
Q

What are the 5 types and bus bar and what is each used for?

A
  • battery bus bar is used for battery connection
  • vital bus bar is used for emergency stuff like fire extinguishers
  • essential bus bar is used for fuel pumps
  • non-essential bus bar is used for things that’s aren’t essential
  • main AC bus bar is used for powering most of the aircraft
22
Q

What is used to stop people inserting another fuse when you remove one to carry out maintenance?

A

Yellow dummy fuse provides warning

23
Q

How can circuit breakers have circuits isolated during maintenance?

A

They can be manually tripped, also they can be held open with coloured clips, ty wraps or tags to warn that maintenance is being carried out

24
Q

What are the 3 primary power sources for aircraft?

A
  • aircraft generators
  • ground powered units (GPU) or wall mounted external power
  • APU
25
Q

What does a Generator control unit (GCU) do?

A

Regulates output voltage and monitors output for fault conditions

26
Q

What faults are monitored by the Generator control unit (GCU)?

A
  • over voltage
  • under voltage
  • over frequency
  • under frequency
27
Q

What are secondary power sources on aircraft?

A
  • Transformers
  • Transformer rectifier units (TRU)
  • Inverters
28
Q

What are the 2 types of inverters?

A
  • Rotary (gives 3 phase ac output)

- static ( gives single state output)

29
Q

What is load shedding?

A

An emergency distribution system which ensures only vital and important loads are powered, can be done manually or automatically.

30
Q

What systems are used as an emergency power supply system?

A
  • Main battery
  • Emergency battery
  • static inverter
31
Q

What are the 4 types of ground power units?

A
  • petrol engines
  • Diesel engines
  • Electric/electrical GPU
  • trolley accumulator
32
Q

What would the warning be when an electric/electric GPU is in use?

A

DISCONNECT AIRCRAFT EARTH LEAD BEFORE APPLYING GPU

33
Q

What is primary bonding?

A

Primary bonding is when one piece of metal is attached to another which bonds the system.

34
Q

What are secondary bonds?

A

Similar to primary but are used for surfaces which don’t normally carry current

35
Q

What are the 4 categories of internal lighting?

A
  • Cockpit
  • cabin
  • servicing
  • emergency
36
Q

What is a GTLS and why is it dangerous?

A

Gaseous tritium light source is an emergency light and is radioactive and therefore is a hazard

37
Q

What are the 5 types of external lighting?

A
  • Navigation lights
  • Anti collision lights
  • formation / station keeping lights
  • search / landing / taxi lights
  • downward identification light
38
Q

What colour lights are fitted to the port, starboard, tail. And what are the angles of each light?

A
  • port (red), 110 degrees
  • starboard (green), 110 degrees
  • Tail (white), 140 degrees
39
Q

How are the navigation lights used to tell the direction an aircraft is flying?

A

A maximum of 2 lights are visible at any angle so the direction is obvious to tell even at night

40
Q

What are the 3 states of the downward identification light?

A

STEADY/OFF/MORSE

41
Q

Why is MORSE used on downward identification lights?

A

Used to communicate with people on the ground in morse code.

Avionics Systems 2 (1 decks)

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