Kap 12: Aggression: hvorfor gør vi andre ondt? kan vi forhindre det? Flashcards
1
Q
- From a social-psychological perspective, a problem with evolutionary theories of aggression is that they
fail to account for
a. different levels of testosterone among men.
b. different rates of aggression across cultures.
c. genetic influences on behavior.
d. differences between bonobos and chimpanzees.
A
b
2
Q
- Herding communities are known to emphasize on aggressiveness and violence which further fosters a
a. culture of cooperation.
b. culture of honor.
c. culture of adultery.
d. culture of anger.
A
d
3
Q
- Consider Bill, who is from the Southern region of the United States, and Chris, who is from the Northern
region of the United States. According to research regarding a “culture of honor,” which of the following
statements is true?
a. Bill is likely to become more aggressive than Chris after being called “a sissy.”
b. Chris is likely to become more aggressive than Bill after failing a course in classic literature.
c. Bill is likely to become more aggressive than Chris after watching a violent film.
d. Chris is likely to become more aggressive than Bill after losing money from a series of bad investments.
A
d
4
Q
- Which of the following will most likely result in the 5-year-old Liam acquiring an aggressive behavior?
a. When he gets angry after seeing his older brother getting bullied by his classmates.
b. When he is penalized by his teacher for being late to class.
c. When he observes a friend earning respect from his peers for beating up another student.
d. When he sees his teenage brother hitting the punching bag fiercely during a boxing practice.
A
c
5
Q
- What does the “think-drink” effect refer to?
a. If you think you’d like a drink, you’ll get one.
b. If you think alcohol releases your anger, it will.
c. If you think alcohol is harmful, you won’t drink.
d. If you think alcohol is healthy, you’ll drink too much.
A
b
6
Q
- According to frustration-aggression theory,
a. when people are frustrated, they almost always become aggressive.
b. when people behave aggressively, they feel frustrated.
c. frustration increases the likelihood of aggression.
d. frustration caused by deprivation causes aggression.
A
c
7
Q
- Gina was expecting her boyfriend Charles to take her out for dinner but Charles never showed up, and
Gina is plenty annoyed. What might Gina say to herself to reduce her wish to retaliate or tell Charles off?
a. “Charles is always absentminded; that’s just his personality.”
b. “I am a better person than he is.”
c. “I can buy myself dinner anyway.”
d. “I bet Charles is under a lot of stress at work this week.”
A
d
8
Q
- What is relative deprivation?
a. When people feel deprived of having close relatives they can count on
b. When people live in poverty and feel they have no hope of improvement
c. When people feel there is an unfair discrepancy between what they have and what they expect to get
d. When some people earn relatively less than others for doing the same work
A
c
9
Q
- Nick works as a cashier at Grandier Outdoors, a store that sells outdoor gear and equipment for
hunting, fishing, camping, and hiking, but has put up mostly guns on display. At the end of his day shift,
Nick walks out of the store and notices a suspicious-looking man loitering around his car. He goes on to
confront the man in an aggressive manner which leads to an argument that culminates in to a fistfight.
What is the most likely explanation for Nick’s behavior?
a. He is someone who is easily angered.
b. His violent action is triggered owing to the guns put on display around him.
c. He is a person with dominant personality traits.
d. He is upset because a customer misbehaved with him at the store.
A
b
10
Q
- Which of the following statements about rape is true?
a. Men who commit rape tend to be mentally ill.
b. Most rapes are committed by men who attack unknown women.
c. Most rapes are committed in the context of an acquaintance or ongoing relationship.
d. Men cannot be raped.
A
c
11
Q
- According to research, high-status men often commit sexual violence. What are the reasons cited for
this behavior?
a. They equate power with sexuality; they accuse women of provoking them.
b. Easy accessibility of consenting partners; sexual violence is the norm in high-status men.
c. Friendly liaison with multiple women; contempt toward women.
d. Sexual violence is the norm in high-status societies; they equate power with sexuality.
A
a
12
Q
- “Honest false testimony” refers to
a. an ambiguous situation where a woman thinks that the man should have known when to stop making
sexual advances whereas the man thinks that the woman consented.
b. a clear situation where both male and female honestly make sexual advances toward each other.
c. an ambiguous situation where a man thinks that the woman got the message to stop making sexual
advances whereas the woman thinks the man consented.
d. a clear situation where either the man or the woman makes sexual advances toward the other.
A
a
13
Q
- Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Participants who watched a violent police drama series in the lab behaved more aggressively than
others who watched a competitive sports game.
b. Violent video games that reward people for their performance further increase feelings of hostility and
aggression.
c. The effect on aggression of playing violent video games is observed only in Europe and not in any other
region where guns aren’t as easily accessible as in Europe.
d. Violent content portrayed on media channels may increase aggression in people by reducing their
sense of horror for violence and sympathy for victims of violence.
A
c
14
Q
- Once people playing violent video games get into the habit of “dehumanizing the enemy,” they may
dehumanize people in real life. What is a possible explanation for this?
a. The player is so engrossed in the virtual world that he/she starts perceiving real people as video game
characters.
b. Violent video games tend to trigger an automatic tendency to imitate the aggressive characters.
c. All video games trigger a sense of anger in the player, which is manifested in real life.
d. Violent video games decrease physiological arousal and excitement.
A
a
15
Q
- Mike is a teenager who often watches violence on television at home and does not like to venture out
after dark. What could be a likely reason for this?
a. Mike is aware of his tendency to be violent after dark.
b. People are more likely to watch violent shows after sunset.
c. Mike wants to stay away from reality.
d. Mike has an exaggerated view of the degree of violence taking place outside his house.
A
d
