Fusobacterium and Dichelobacter

Question 1

Fusobacterium necrophorum staining characteristics and characteristics

Answer 1

Gram negative anaerobic (aerotolerant) rods

Question 2

Fusobacterium necrophorum found where

Answer 2

Normal flora of mouth, pharynx, rumen, and intestinal tract and urogenital tract of animals and found in environment with feces

Question 3

Fusobacterium necrophorum pathogenic features

Answer 3

Leukotoxin that kills neutrophils, macrophages, and hepatocytes

Question 4

Fusobacterium necrophorum Transmission

Answer 4

Endogenous spread from oral mucosa or G.I. Tract or exogenous from manure in enviornment

Question 5

Fusobacterium necrophorum Pathogenesis

Answer 5

Invades and multiplies in anaerobic enviornment (damaged tissues lacking proper blood flow) or secondary because of feces contamination

Question 6

Fusobacterium necrophorum Disease in respiratory system is? What does it do and what does it infect

Answer 6

Calf diphtheria aka necrotic laryngitis or laryngeal necrobacillosis causing cough and fever and bad breath. Can be secondary invader after viral infection. Often affects cows in feed lots

Question 7

Fusobacterium necrophorum Disease in liver is?

Answer 7

Necrobacillosis of the Liver- causes liver assesses in ruminants usually is a secondary infection of the naval in neonates or from increased feeding of grain—> rapid fermentation in the rumen—> rumen acidosis and rumenitis

Question 8

Treatment of Fusobacterium necrophorum in liver infection

Answer 8

Unrewarding but can control by preventing rumenitis- gradual increase in feed and disinfect naval at birth

Question 9

Fusobacterium necrophorum In horses and cattle (not internal)

Answer 9

Thrush and foot rot
Diagnosed usually just by inspection of foot and treated with debriding, removing necrotic tissue and disinfecting then treating with antibiotics

Question 10

Dichelobacter nodosus characteristics

Answer 10

aerotolerate gram negative anaerobic rod

Question 11

Dichelobacter nodosus Pathogenic features

Answer 11

Pili is for adhesion

Question 12

Dichelobacter nodosus Transmission

Answer 12

Resides on foot of carrier animals and is NOT inch GI tract

Can survive for a week in a warm wet pasture

Question 13

Dichelobacter nodosus Disease

Answer 13

Foot rot in sheep and goats- contagious and debilitating with severe lameness which causes weight loss because reluctant to move. Usually occurs after Fusobacterium necrophorum has infected superficial skin and then D. nodosus colonizes after

Question 14

How to diagnose, treat, and prevent Dichelobacter nodosus disease

Answer 14

Causes foot rot so inspecting usually to diagnose and then segregate infected animals, paring the feet and then foot baths to treat. There are herds that are foot rot free to get replacements from, but also quarantining new animals and not using contaminated pastures for 2 weeks