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Special Diagnostic Procedures > Echocardiography > Flashcards

Echocardiography Flashcards

1
Q

What is the image produced in echocardiography?

A

Echocardiogram

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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

ECG alone can determine the ability of the pumping action of the heart

A

FALSE

it needs echocardiography

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3
Q

What is the other term for echocardiography?

A

Diagnostic cardiac ultrasound

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4
Q

Echocardiogram utilizes _________________ to create live images of the patient’s heart

A

Sound waves

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5
Q

What are few that can be detected in echocardiography?

A

coagulation disorders in heart, fluid accumulation in pericardium, disorders involving aorta

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Determination of gestational age requires ECG

A

FALSE:

Echocardiography is used

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7
Q

Transducer used in echocardiography serves like a ____________ because it sends out sound waves

A

microphone

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8
Q

Echocardiography utilizes _____________ that cannot be heard by human.

A

very high frequency

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9
Q

What is the difference between ECG and echo?

A
  • ECG/EKG = test check hearts’ rhythm and heart activity

- Echo = assess heart’s function and structure

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10
Q

This is the most widely utilized imaging test in cardiology outside x-ray

A

Echocardiogram

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Echocardiogram is a non-invasive, no radiation/damage = relatively harmless procedure

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Which echo use sound waves to measure direction and velocity of blood flow?

A

Doppler echocardiogram

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13
Q

What is the sequence of events during echocardiogram?

A
  1. Gel is placed on chest
  2. Transducer sends sound waves through chest to heart
  3. sound waves bounce back from heart to transducer
  4. computer processes sound-waves to make visual of beating heart.
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14
Q

The echocardiogram procedure is expected to be: __________________________

A

non-invasive, portable, has no radiation, painless, harmless, has no side effects

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15
Q

What is the principle used for echocardiogram?

A

high frequency waves or ultrasound

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Fasting before the echocardiogram procedure is necessary

A

FALSE

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17
Q

How long does echocardiogram takes?

A

1 hour

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18
Q

Physician will ask for echocardiogram procedure to _______________________

A

look for heart structure and if the heart is working

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19
Q

What is the condition observed through echocardiogram that shows blockage or clogging of plaque in the artery or accumulation of fat deposits?

A

Atherosclerosis

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20
Q

What is the example of Congenital heart disease/defect observed using echocardiogram?

A

Ventricular septal defect

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21
Q

What is ventricular septal defect?

A

There is a hole between 2 lower chambers of the heart

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22
Q

This is the condition wherein there is enlargement of heart due to thick/weakened heart muscle observe through echo

A

Cardiomyopathy

23
Q

Describe the condition involved in heart valve disease

A

there is an abnormality of blood flow of heart —> thin valves = prevent blood from flowing through the heart, to the lungs = become leaky = leak backwards = regurgitation

24
Q

What are the conditions detected through an echo?

A
  • heart murmur
  • heart attack
  • unexplained chest pains
  • atherosclerosis
  • congenital heart disease/defect
  • pericarditis
  • rheumatic heart fever
  • cardiomyopathy
  • heart failure
  • heart valve disease
25
Q

What are the 4 echo techniques?

A
  1. 2D Cross sectional
  2. M-mode
  3. Doppler
  4. Color doppler
26
Q

This echo technique “see” the actual motion of the heart structures

A

2D Cross Sectional

27
Q

This echo allows you to see actual image but moving objects cannot be seen

A

2D cross sectional

28
Q

What are the features of M mode echo technique?

A
  • Time motion display
  • image similar to a tracing than an actual picture of heart structure
  • has single ultrasound beam which displayed overtime on a moving sheet of paper
  • observes pumping chambers, size of heart, thickness of heart walls
29
Q

What does the paper for M mode contain?

A

pieozoelectric crystal

30
Q

Red and yellow lines seen in the product observed in M mode indicates _________________

A

red for systole (contraction) and yellow for diastole (relaxation)

31
Q

This echo technique can measure and assess the flow of blood through the heart’s chambers and valves

A

Doppler

32
Q

To whom did the doppler technique attributed to?

A

Christian Johann Doppler in 1842

33
Q

This is the enhanced doppler

A

2D color doppler

34
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Colors observed in the 2D color doppler indicates disease

A

FALSE

The different colors are designate the direction of blood flow

35
Q

This is the most common type of method of echo

A

Transthoracic (TTE)

36
Q

Where does the transducer placed on the patient on transthoracic method?

A

Across the chest/heart

37
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

ECG is needed to monitor heart during echo

A

TRUE

38
Q

What is applied before echo procedure either directly on Px or unto the transducer?

A

Lubricating gel

39
Q

What is the swishing sound that can be heard during an echo procedure?

A

Sound of blood flow

40
Q

This echo method requires anesthesia and sedative?

A

Transesophageal (TEE/TOE)

41
Q

This echo technique is used if the doctor’s need a detailed view of the patient’s heart

A

Transesophageal (TEE/TOE)

42
Q

What is the use of anethesia for Transesophageal (TEE/TOE)?

A

To eliminate gag reflex = avoid vomitting during test

43
Q

In what form does the anesthesia for Transesophageal (TEE/TOE) used?

A

Gel or spray

44
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

The transducer for Transesophageal (TEE/TOE) is bigger than used in TTE

A

FALSE

45
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Both TTE and TEE/TOE does not require fasting

A

FALSE

Px should NPO 4hrs before test

46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

TEE/TOE is requested before TTE

A

FALSE

TTE must be reviewed first

47
Q

This echo method is used on expectant mothers

A

Fetal echocardiography

48
Q

At what week of pregnancy is the echocardiography used for pregnant women?

A

sometime during weeks 18 to 22 of pregnancy

49
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

BOTH gestational age and heart abnormality of the baby can be determined through fetal echocardioography

A

TRUE

50
Q

The fetal echo is considered safe for unborn child/fetus because ____________________

A

it does not use x-ray therefore there’s no radiation involved

51
Q

This echo method can show multiple images from different angles

A

3D Echo

52
Q

3D echo is used prior to ____________________

A

heart valve surgery as well as to diagnose heart problems in children

53
Q

Which echo uses contrast agent in blood stream contracts in blood stream to provide better image of heart

A

Contrast echocardiogram

Special Diagnostic Procedures (10 decks)

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