ovarian cancer Flashcards
where does ovarian cancer usually originate from
fallopian tubes
what is the most common type of ovarian cancer
epithelial cell
what are common types of epithelial cell ovarian tumours
serous cystadenoma - most common
serous carcinoma - aggressive, often invasive
what are risk factors for ovarian cancer
lynch syndrome BRCA1 BRCA2 smoking incessant ovulation - early menarche, late menopause, nulliparous obesity age - 60 is peak recurrent use of clomifene
what is thought to be protective against ovarian cancer
anything that reduces/prevents ovulation
COCP
pregnancy
breast feeding
how does ovarian cancer usually present
symptoms are vague so presents late indigestion early satiety poor appetite altered bowel habit bloating/discomfort weight gain pelvic masses urinary symptoms hip or groin pain if compressing obturator nerve
what investigations could you do in ovarian cancer
US of abdomen and pelvis US guided needle core biopsy CA125 RMI score CT ascitic tap alpha-fetoprotein and HCG for germ cell tumours
what is CA125
glycoprotein antigen used as a tumour marker
what is a raised value of CA125
> 35IU/mL
what can CA125 be raised in
ovarian cancer colon cancer pancreatic cancer breast cancer benign conditions - menstruation, endometriosis. PID, liver disease, effusions, recent surgery
how do you calculate RMI
RMI=UxMxCA125
U = US features
M = menopausal status
what surgeries are done in ovarian cancer
laparotomy
prophylactic RRSO
what chemo is given in ovarian cancer
adjuvant to shrink tumour
neo-adjuvant within 8 weeks
first line - platinum and taxane
how can you manage recurrent disease
chemo palliate platinum surgery tamoxifen
