Nervous System

Question 1

What is a nerve cell called?

Answer 1

Neuron

Question 2

Name the structures of a nerve cell

Answer 2

Dendrite, Cell body, Axon, Axon Terminals.

Question 3

The spinal cord and brain make up the __________ nervous system.

Answer 3

Central (CNS)

Question 4

What type of neurons send the message from the CNS to the skeletal muscle to tell it to contract? A sensory or motor neuron?

Answer 4

Motor

Question 5

What is the myelin sheath made up of?

Answer 5

Neuroglia

Question 6

Is the autonomic nervous system voluntary or involuntary?

Answer 6

Involuntary

Question 7

What is the name of your fight or flight division of the nervous system?

Answer 7

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 8

What is the role of the nervous system in the body?

Answer 8

Helps to maintain homeostasis. Is responsible for all behaviours, memories and movements.

Question 9

There is the Central Nervous System that contains the brain and spinal cord, what is the other system called?

Answer 9

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 10

The nervous system is designed to…. ?

Answer 10

Detect changes, process information & respond

Question 11

Describe the structure and function of the neuromuscular junction

Answer 11

When a neuron/nerve cell meets a muscle cell, there is a gap (synapse) that nerve impulses must cross. This is aided by chemical neurotransmitters secreted at the end of the axon. (calcium is also needed)

Question 12

List the 5 steps for the neuromuscular junction

Answer 12

1. Arrives at Axon terminals
2. Neurotransmitters released from secretory vesicle
3. NT crosses the synapse to receptors on muscle fiber.
4. Muscle fiber is stimulated to contract
5. NT is recycled back into axon terminal.

Question 13

What is a reflex?

Answer 13

A quick predictable response to a stimulus

Question 14

List the components of a reflex arc from stimulus to response

Answer 14

1. Sensory receptor, 2. Sensory neuron, 3. CNS, 4. Motor neuron, 5. Effector

Question 15

Name the 3 main regions of the brain and their overall function

Answer 15

Cerebrum - coordination, balance and posture.
Cerebellum - memories, thinking, learning, movement that is voluntary.
Brainstem - basic survival activities, breathing, heartbeat etc

Question 16

Name the four lobes of the Cerebrum and their functions

Answer 16

Frontal - motor skills, emotions & problem solving.
Parietal - senses.
Occipital - visual.
Temporal - smell, hearing & taste

Question 17

Membranes surrounding the brain to protect it are called?

Answer 17

Meninges

Question 18

Give some examples of nervous system infections.

Answer 18

Meningitis, encephalitis, tetanus, leprosy.

Question 19

Describe the link between the Nervous and Endocrine systems.

Answer 19

They act together to control and coordinate the functions of all body systems. The nervous system controls impulses (electrical) and the Endocrine releases hormones (chemical signals)

Question 20

The ______ (region of the brain) influences _____ ____ (endocrine gland) to release hormones.

Answer 20

Hypothalamus, Pituitary gland.