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PYB208: Counselling > Wave 1: Psychoanalysis > Flashcards

Wave 1: Psychoanalysis Flashcards

1
Q

Who developed the psychoanalytic approach?

A

Freud

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2
Q

What type of approach is psychoanalytic?

A

Modernist

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3
Q

What does this approach say about people?

A

biological and deterministic features influence behaviour including innate drives that have to do with sex and aggression or love and death

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4
Q

At what age does Freud argue an individual’s personality is fixed?

A

age 6

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5
Q

What constitutes the conscious mind?

A

rational reality awareness

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6
Q

What constitutes the unconscious mind?

A

Id-Superego conflicts, slips of tongue, symbolic content

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7
Q

What constitutes the preconscious mind?

A

habitual repetitive patterns we are semi-aware of

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8
Q

What are the 3 models of personality?

A
  • Id: Instincts or the child
  • Ego: Reality or the adult
  • Superego: Morality or the parent
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9
Q

What rules the Id?

A

the pleasure principle which seeks to reduce tension, avoid pain and gain pleasure

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10
Q

What is the original system of personality at birth?

A

Id

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11
Q

Where does Id sit in the mind?

A

is largely unconscious or out of awareness

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12
Q

What rules the Superego?

A

the moral principle that strives for perfections and good or bad and wrong or right idealistic thinking

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13
Q

What is the superego’s aim?

A

to inhibit the Id Impulses

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14
Q

What rules the Ego?

A

the reality principle

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15
Q

What does the Ego control for?

A
  • controls consciousness and checks and controls impulses from the Id
  • controls, governs and regulates personality
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16
Q

What is the first stage of psychosexual development?

A

Oral

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17
Q

What develops in the Oral stage?

A
  • safety, love, fear, nurturing

- can later be related to mistrust/rejection, inability or fear of forming trusting relationships

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18
Q

What is the second stage of psychosexual development?

A

Anal (age 1-3)

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19
Q

What develops in the Anal stage?

A

relates to power, control, autonomy, learning, independence, express negative feelings, rage, aggression

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20
Q

What is the third stage of psychosexual development?

A

Phallic (age 3-6)

21
Q

What develops in the Phallic stage?

A

relates to sexual attitudes, gender identification, parental attitudes to the child’s emerging sexuality (which influences adult life)

22
Q

What is the fourth stage of psychosexual development?

A

Latent (age 6-12)

23
Q

What develops in the Latent stage?

A

social skills, friends, social identity

24
Q

What is the fifth stage of psychosexual development?

A

Genital (age 12+)

25
Q

What develops in the Genital stage?

A

Core characteristics of mature adulthood, creative investment of sexual energies into relationships, caring for others, education, profession, art, music etc

26
Q

What does psychosexual development focus on?

A

the satisfaction of sexual drives through erotogenic zones of the body

27
Q

How do problems/anxieties arise in psychosexual development?

A
  • reality anxiety - reaction to real threats from external environment
  • moral anxiety - arising from potential violation of the individual conscious (superego, moral codes)
  • Neurotic anxiety - generated when instinctual urges (Id) threaten to surface to levels of consciousness and pose a danger to Ego integrity
28
Q

What are the ego defence mechanism types?

A
  • projection
  • reaction formation
  • sublimation
  • introjection
  • compensation
  • repression
  • denial
  • regression
  • rationalisation
  • identification
  • displacement
29
Q

What is projection?

A

attributing unacceptable behaviours to others

30
Q

What is reaction formation?

A

expressing the opposite

31
Q

What is sublimation?

A

diverting psychic energies into more acceptable channels

32
Q

What is introjection?

A

internalising values from significant figures

33
Q

What is compensation?

A

masking percieved weakness, making up for limitations in other areas (focussing on accomplishments rather than on weakness)

34
Q

What is repression?

A

exclusion of awareness

35
Q

What is denial?

A

denial or distortion of reality, fear of ego overwhelm

36
Q

What is regression?

A

reverting to an earlier life stage

37
Q

What is rationalisation?

A

finding reasons for explaining bruised ego

38
Q

What is identification?

A

loss of personal identity

39
Q

What is displacement?

A

shifting to a safer target

40
Q

How does the psychosexual development approach support change?

A
  • aims to release pent up or repressed emotions and memories in or to lead the client to catharsis or healing
  • to bring what exists at the unconscious or subconscious level up ti consciousness
41
Q

What are the therapeutic techniques of the psychosexual approach?

A
  • free association
  • dream analysis
  • transference
  • counter-transference
  • resistance
  • interpretation
42
Q

What is free association?

A

the facilitation of uncensored revelations of client’s thoughts and feelings

43
Q

What is dream analysis?

A

exploring the latent content of clients dreams

44
Q

What is transference?

A

working through the clients personal reactions with the therapist

45
Q

What is counter-transference?

A

therapists processing of his/her reactions to the clients

46
Q

What is resistance?

A

evidence of clients avoidance to develop

47
Q

What is interpretation?

A

therapist offering of deeper meanings and explanations to client revelations

48
Q

What is the position of the therapist in psychosexual development?

A

expert

PYB208: Counselling (10 decks)

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