ch. 4 - arrangement of electrons in atoms

Question 1

Rutherford’s model of the atom…

Answer 1

didn’t describe how electrons took up the space surrounding the nucleus

Question 2

speed of light

Answer 2

3.0 x 10^8

Question 3

plank’s constant

Answer 3

6.626 x 10^-34

Question 4

Bohr’s atomic model…

Answer 4

explains the emission spectra of hydrogen atoms, and proposed that electrons occupy specific energy levels

Question 5

de Broglie…

Answer 5

suggested that electrons could be considered as waves confided to the space around an atomic nucleus; electrons can be bent or diffracted, and can interfere with one another, like waves

Question 6

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Answer 6

it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron (or any other particle)

Question 7

principal quantum number (n)

Answer 7

indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron

Question 8

angular momentum quantum number (l)

Answer 8

(n-1) indicates the shape of the orbital

Question 9

magnetic quantum number (m sub l)

Answer 9

(-1, 0, +1) indicates the orientation of an orbital around the nucleus

Question 10

spin quantum number (m sub s)

Answer 10

(+1/2, -1/2) fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital

Question 11

Aufbau principle

Answer 11

electrons fill lower energy levels first before occupying higher energy levels

Question 12

Pauli exclusion principal

Answer 12

no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers

Question 13

Hund’s rule

Answer 13

orbitals of equal energy must be occupied by one electron before a second
all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin state