ETHICS

Question 1

Ethics

Answer 1

A dillema where values are compromised, values that are at stakes, many times contradictory

Question 2

Three components of sustainability

Answer 2

Economic and social both impact environmental

Question 3

Triple bottom line concept of sustainability:

Answer 3

Environmental, Economical, Social

Question 4

Digitalization:

Answer 4

Making algorithms of our ethical choices

Question 5

Flattening effect

Answer 5

People share everything online instead of in real life

Question 6

What are ethics?

Answer 6

About something you are supposed to be doing it or not
About the motivation for doing it or not
What is seen as ‘right’ is strongly driven by culture

Question 7

Ethical dillema

Answer 7

is a situation with uncertainty about what is right to do from a moral or ethical perspective

Question 8

3 conditions for moral dilemma’s:

Answer 8

1. The person is obliged to make a decision
2. There must be 2 or more options to choose from
3. No matter which one is chosen, some moral principles are always compromised

Question 9

Types of reasoning in Ethics

Answer 9

1. Can be along the lines of outcomes of your actions

2. Can be the motivations for your acting (right and wrong)

Question 10

Two streams in ethics

Answer 10

Consequentialism: looks at the consequences of an act / locates morality in the consequences of an act
Deontoligism: locates morality in certain duties & rights

Question 11

Ethical theories: Consequentialism (utilitarianism)

Answer 11

• Teleological ‘‘goal’’ oriented
• Intended outcome based
• Weighing pro’s and con’s against each other

Question 12

Non-consequentialism (deontology)

Answer 12

• Teleological ‘duty’ oriented

- Principle/value based

Question 13

Utilitarianism

Answer 13

• It is a form of consequentialism
• Ethical theory that determines right from wrong by focusing on outcomes
• Most ethical choice: greatest good for greatest number or people
• Cost-benefit analysis

Question 14

Adam Smith

Answer 14

• Egoism
• Individual desire or interests
• Maximization of desires
• Man is actor with limited knowledges and objective

Question 15

Emmanual Kant

Answer 15

• Kantianism
• Non-consequentialist
• Man is capable of making its own decisions
• A deed is morally right if the motive is just, doing the right thing for the right reasons
• under valuing outcomes

Question 16

John Locke

Answer 16

• Deontology
• Duty to respect
• Natural rights of men such as right to live, freedom & property
• Human dignity is at the center

Question 17

Moral cognition model of kids

Answer 17

Do we obtain moral knowledge by our upbringing or do we just know it by birth (moral intuition)?

There is a moral cognition model at birth, that will develop further on in life

Question 18

Nature

Answer 18

Natuur

Question 19

Nurture

Answer 19

Opvoeding

Question 20

Nurture (influence on moral behavior of actor by:)

Answer 20

individual factors (birth, age, gender)
situational factors (work context, culture, issue itself-->intensity, framing)

these factors shape an individual character

Question 21

Asch experiment

Answer 21

meegaan met de rest

Question 22

milgrams experiment

Answer 22

experiment over gehoorzaamheid aan gezagsdragers

( experiment on obedience to authority figues)

Question 23

Stanford prison experiment

Answer 23

how people will readily conform to the social roles they are expected to play